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Saab, P.; Robdera, M.A. (Glasgow Mathematical Journal Trust, http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=GMJ, NaN, 2011)[more][less]
Abstract: Let G be a compact metrizable abelian group, and let X be a Banach space. We characterize convolution operators associated with a regular Borel X-valued measure of bounded semivariation that are compact (resp; weakly compact) from L1(G), the space of integrable functions on G into L1(G)ˇ⊗X, the injective tensor product of L1(G) and X. Along the way we prove a Fourier Convergence theorem for vector measures of relatively compact range that are absolutely continuous with respect to the Haar measure. Description: the symbols on the abstract may differ from the original script URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1004 Files in this item: 1
Saab_GMJ_2012.pdf (83.98Kb) -
Ringrose, S.; Matheson, W.; Wolski, P.; Huntsman-Mapila, P. (Elsevier; www.elsevier.com/locate/jaridenv, NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: Vegetative response aspects of climate change studies include the determination of vegetation cover changes across climatic gradients. Vegetation characteristics and soil moisture measurements were obtained from four locations with decreasing rainfall along the Botswana Kalahari transect. These are referred to as Pandamatenga, (698mmyear_1), Maun (460 mmyear_1), Okwa (407 mmyear_1) and Tshane (365 mmyear_1). Trends in major vegetative cover and soil components included species types and richness assessments which reflected certain changes southward but also showed interesting degrees of variability. This occurred despite the apparent homogeneity of the Kalahari sands and predominantly semi-arid savanna shrubâ woodland vegetation cover. Despite linear decreases, both in rainfall and soil moisture content, results indicated high soil moisture variability at the Okwa location which relates to unique climatic and geological factors. Also many species are unique to specific locations for instance Pandametanga is characterized by Zambesian species while the Maun location is characterized by Colophosphermum mopane. This changes southwards as Acacias become more dominant and significantly co-occur with Grewia flava. While the average total numbers of plants decreased, total numbers of different species varied little from the wetter to the drier end of the moisture gradient. The association between rainfall and woody cover is negative implying that canopy cover extents (in terms of vegetation density) increase along the gradient due to increases in bush encroachment in drier areas. Therefore, while representing a continuum in terms of species numbers, in other respects (e.g. species types and ground cover components) vegetation zones in the Kalahari may be regarded as discontinuous units. Differences between mapped vegetation zones may be accounted for in terms of relatively unique ecosystem factors which function partly in response to geological conditions and partly in response to local (as opposed to regional) climatic factors. This appears to have led to ecosystem adaptive measures (in terms of species responses) rarely mirrored elsewhere along the gradient. Hence adaptability in terms of species migrations in response to relatively rapid climate changes may not readily take place over the Kalahari in Botswana. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/175 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)ringrose_jae_2003.pdf (3.823Mb) -
Goodwin, J.W.; Hughes, R.W.; Reynolds, P.A.; Kwaambwa, H.M. (Elsevier B.V. www.elsevier.com/locate/colsurfa, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: A series of well characterised cis-poly(isoprene) (PIP) polymers (Mw = 1180, 8000, 28 300, 31 500, 86 000, 115 000 and 130 000) have been added to dispersions of poly(12-hydroxystearic acid) (PHS) coated poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) particles in dodecane. The ratio of particle size to adsorbed layer was also varied. For a given added polymer molecular weight, the polymer concentration in the continuous phase covered the dilute, semi-dilute and concentrated regimes as defined by the critical concentrations c and c . The viscosity behaviour of latex dispersions with added polymer were similar for all latex/polymer combinations except when polymer Mw = 1180 was added. In the latter case, the effect of adding polymer reduced both the viscosity and shear thinning behaviour. This supports the contention that the lower molecular weight polymer acts more like a diluent than a depletent. The behaviour of the viscosity ratio (the viscosity of the dispersion relative to that of the medium) as a function of polymer concentration increased with an increase in the polymer concentration until some critical concentration (cmax) for all polymers except for a polymer molecular weight 1180 Daltons. The addition of the polymer Mw = 8000 gave the highest viscosity ratio values in the polymer concentration range studied. It was found that the viscosity of all latex/polymer combinations decreased with an increase in temperature. The results suggest that the viscosity behaviour cannot be explained on the basis of a simple steric–elastic model and require a modified theoretical treatment. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/324 Files in this item: 1
Viscosity behaviiour of particles.pdf (4.522Mb) -
Kwaambwa, H.M.; Goodwin, J.W.; Hughes, R.W.; Reynolds, P.A. (Elsevier B.V. www.elsevier.com/locate/colsurfa, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: Aseries of six well characterised homopolymers of cis-polyisoprene (PIP) ranging from 1180 to 115,000 molecular weight were utilised to explore viscosity and the scaling relationship between viscosity and concentration in dodecane (good solvent). For each polymer molecular weight, the relative viscosity of PIP in dodecane at 298K was measured at several polymer concentrations using capillary viscometry. The linear extrapolation of experimental data based on Huggins, Kramer, Martin and Schulz-Blaschke equations was used to find the intrinsic viscosity at infinite dilution for each polymer molecular weight. The single-point method of evaluation of the intrinsic viscosity was also used for comparison. The Mark-Houwink fit of the data gave power index of 0.72 indicating that dodecane is good solvent for PIP and the latter exists in solution as open flexible coil. Both the radius of gyration and critical chain overlap concentration, c*, were derived from measured intrinsic viscosities. Plot of the relative viscosities versus the scaled concentration c/c*, resulted in single curve with slope value 4.44×10−2 and correlation coefficient r2 = 0.996, indicating good linear fit. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/328 Files in this item: 1
Viscosity molecular weight.pdf (3.079Mb) -
Maundeni, Z. (The Botswana Society, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: The Botswana government proposed to the national parliament the setting up of an enlarged intelligence agency known as the Directorate of Intelligence and Security. It drafted and published in the Government Gazette, an Intelligence and Security Service Bill which was placed before Parliament which deferred and later approved it. However, its passing brought to the surface deep seated mistrust between cabinet and the back bench. On the other hand and in line with the country's Vision 2016 roadmap, civil society organised debates in which academics, media practioners and parliament backbenchers questioned the necessity of the reforms, the structure of the proposed agency and the timing of the bill. Taking vision 2016 as a benchmark, this article critiques the Intelligence and Security bill and provides insight that could help future reforms. Its main argument is that the proposed Intelligence and Securrity Services bill Bill and Law contradict Vision 2016 in many fundamental ways. Its other argument is that the Bill and Law contradict the emerging trends in leading democracies in the region and abroad. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/680 Files in this item: 1
Maundeni_BNR_2008.pdf (4.681Mb) -
Teitelman, A.M.; Seloilwe, E.S.; Campbell, J.C. (Taylor & Francis, LLC. http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/authors/uhcwauth.asp, NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: The papers in this special issue focus on the topic of violence against women. This group of scholarly works explores theoretical issues, context and health care interventions pertaining to violence in women’s lives. In conjunction with this special issue, this editorial provides a synopsis of presentations and discussions about the topic of the intersections of genderbased violence, HIV and the girl child that took place in July 2008 as part of the 17th conference of International Council of Women’s Health Issues (ICOWHI) held in Gaborone, Botswana, focusing on the Girl Child. ICOWHI, in conjunction with the University of Botswana, Centre for the Study of HIV and AIDS (CSHA) sponsored a one day preconference on “Gender-based violence and HIV Risk among Adolescent Girls.” A diverse interdisciplinary group of scholars from around the world closely examined these interconnected epidemics in a rich day long discussion. The aim of the preconference as well as the articles in this special issue is to build scholarship and inform practice of cultural and contextual factors as they pertain to violence in the lives of women and girls in order to promote their health, safety and well-being globally. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/574 Files in this item: 1
Voices from the frontlines.pdf (1.170Mb) -
Pongweni, A. (Routledge (Taylor and francis), www.routledge.com, NaN, 2000)[more][less]
Abstract: This article is about how communities living within the same borders and planet view each other and is mainly concerned about Southern Africa. The article goes further to say social groups are partly defined by our stories, our myths about where we came from and by our other forms of oral literature such as proverbs, riddles, metaphors and similes. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/930 Files in this item: 1
Pongweni_CA_2000.pdf (5.350Mb) -
Ddamba, W.A.A.; Mokate, O. (Journal of Solution Chemistry., NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: Densities (ρ) of the binary systems of {difurylmethane+(ethanol or propan-1- ol or butan-1-ol or pentan-1-ol or hexan-1-ol)} have been measured with an Anton Paar DMA 4500 vibrating-tube densimeter over the entire composition range at 298.15K and atmospheric pressure. Excess molar volumes (V E m ) of each binary system were determined and correlated by the Redlich-Kister equation. Limiting (Vi E,∞) and excess partial molar volumes (V E i ) of components of each binary system have been calculated to provide insight into the intermolecular interactions present and the packing efficiencies. The results have been discussed in terms of specific intermolecular interactions, dispersive forces and structural effects. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/318 Files in this item: 1
Volumetric prop.pdf (3.737Mb) -
Thior, I.; Gabaitiri, L.; Grimes, J.; Shapiro, R.; Lockman, S.; Kim, S.; Kebaabetswe, P.; Garmey, E.; Montano, M.; Peter, T.; Chang, S.; Marlink, R.; Essex, M. (Elsevier www.elsevier.com/locate/pateducou, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: Objective: To determine uptake and socio-demographics predictors of acceptance of voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) among postpartum women in Botswana. Methods: Women attending maternal and child health clinics for their first post-partum or well baby visit in three sites in Botswana were offered VCTafter a written informed consent. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics and reasons for declining VCT. Results: From March 1999 to November 2000, we approached 1735 post-partum women. Only 937 (54%) of those approached accepted VCT. In multiple logistic regression analysis, younger maternal age, not being married, and less formal education were significant predictors of acceptance of VCT. Thirty percent of women who accepted VCT were HIV-positive. Conclusion: Our results indicated that in Botswana prior to the initiation of a government Mother to Child Transmission (MTCT) prevention program, younger, unmarried, and less educated post-partum women were more likely to undergo VCT. Practice implications: Our results have shown that interventions to improve VCT among post-partum women and more generally among women of reproductive age are warranted in Botswana. These interventions should account for differences such age, marital status, education, and partner involvement to maximize VCT uptake. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/588 Files in this item: 1
GABAITIRI2007VOLUNTARY COUNSELING.pdf (642.1Kb) -
Chipanshi, A.C.; Chanda, R.; Totolo, O. (Springer http://www.springerlink.com/content/p88867543584713, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: This study examines the sensitivity of maize and sorghum crops to global warming in Botswana, a country with arid climatic conditions and shortfalls in locally produced grain. The vulnerability of the maize and sorghum crops to climate change were studied using crop simulation models while climate change scenarios were generated from Global Circulation Models. Simulated yields indicated that rain-fed crop production under the observed climate was a small fraction of what could be produced under optimal conditions. The gap was attributed to both physical (especially lack of rain) and socio-economic constraints. Using the southern African core climate change scenario, simulated yields declined by 36% in the case of maize and 31% for sorghum in the sand veldt region. Yield reductions from the hard veldt region were in the order of 10% for both maize and sorghum. The growing season became shorter, the average reduction in days in the sand veldt region being 5 and 8 days for maize and sorghum respectively, and correspondingly, 3 and 4 days over the hard veldt region. The food security option currently followed in Botswana was found to be a good adaptive strategy under a changed climate. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/412 Files in this item: 1
chipanshi_CC_2003.pdf (1.144Mb) -
Masike, S.; Urich, P. (Academic journals http://hdl/handle.net/10289/973, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: Cattle’s rearing in Botswana is undertaken in two sectors: the communal and commercial. The communal sector is exclusively free range and therefore depends on biomass production. This makes the systems highly susceptible to drought. One strategy that has been devised by farmers to adapt to drought has been to overstock. However, this strategy may not be the best adaptation strategy as it leads to overgrazing and quick depletion of scarce biomass during the drought years. Climate change may increase the vulnerability of the communal cattle sector in the country mostly through changes and variability of rainfall. In the article, we determine the reliability of the rainfall in the Khurutshe area, Botswana. Vulnerability of the cattle sector to system severe failure is also determined. Lastly, the effects of climate change on return period of drought are investigated. Results indicate that the reliability index of rainfall in the Kgatleng District is 0.5. The vulnerability index of the cattle is estimated at 8000 per year. Lastly, using SimCLIM computer model climate change will shorten the return period of mild drought from 2 years to 1.6 years by 2050. These findings have serious implications on the recovery period of the cattle to withstand the next drought period. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/542 Files in this item: 1
Masike_JGRP_2008.pdf (555.0Kb) -
wa74Fl <a href="http://zktcwfdlzbbr.com/">zktcwfdlzbbr</a>, [url=http://eijbvhxjtazy.com/]eijbvhxjtazy[/url], [link=http://lhtzfesyvbsi.com/]lhtzfesyvbsi[/link], http://gsugjhnddfme.com/ (wa74Fl <a href="http://zktcwfdlzbbr.com/">zktcwfdlzbbr</a>, [url=http://eijbvhxjtazy.com/]eijbvhxjtazy[/url], [link=http://lhtzfesyvbsi.com/]lhtzfesyvbsi[/link], http://gsugjhnddfme.com/, NaN, NaN)[more][less]
Abstract: wa74Fl <a href="http://zktcwfdlzbbr.com/">zktcwfdlzbbr</a>, [url=http://eijbvhxjtazy.com/]eijbvhxjtazy[/url], [link=http://lhtzfesyvbsi.com/]lhtzfesyvbsi[/link], http://gsugjhnddfme.com/ URI: wa74Fl <a href="http://zktcwfdlzbbr.com/">zktcwfdlzbbr</a>, [url=http://eijbvhxjtazy.com/]eijbvhxjtazy[/url], [link=http://lhtzfesyvbsi.com/]lhtzfesyvbsi[/link], http://gsugjhnddfme.com/ Files in this item: 1
koevmh@fjltkh.com (1.855Mb) -
Andersson, L.; Gumbricht, T.; Hughes, D.; Kniveton, D.; Ringrose, S.; Savenije, H.; Todd, M.; Wilk, J.; Wolski, P. (Elsvier, www.elsevier.com, September 8, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: As part of the EU-funded project ‘Water and Ecosystem Resources in Regional Development––Balancing Societal Needs and Wants and Natural Resources Systems Sustainability in International River Basin Systems’ (WERRD) (www.okavangochallenge.com), work is carried out aiming to improve and develop scientific methods that will facilitate the understanding of fluctuations of hydrological and ecosystem variables and likely human-induced trends concerning key characteristics of the Okavango River Basin in Southern Africa. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/980 Files in this item: 1
Andersson_PhysChemEarth_2003_Pw.pdf (1.840Mb) -
Nedovic-Budic, Z.; Cavric, B. (Routledge, NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: With increasing internationalization of urban planning throughout the twentieth century and in the past several decades in particular, planning ideas and practices have been exported from a few, and imported in many countries. However, this ‘trade’ happens without clear expectations about the ensuing dynamics between the internal context and external influences. This paper attempts to enhance understanding of how planning systems evolve and which factors affect them. The conceptual frameworks and typologies used to characterize planning systems and their determinants are reviewed. Building on previous work, an integrated framework is proposed that captures the process, factors and outcomes of urban planning systems. The history of planning in Serbia and Montenegro is used to illustrate how a planning system evolves under changing circumstances and influences and to demonstrate the complexity of such process. The case study is not intended to provide a detailed historical account of the country’s planning trajectory, but to highlight the applicability of elements of the framework in a real setting. In particular, the focus is on conditions of imposition versus voluntary adoption of planning ideas as a way of examining the interaction between the local context and imported models, as well as the implications of such interaction. The article concludes with several pointers about the necessary research on the nature of planning exports and imports and their effects on the resultant urban systems, processes, environments and quality of life. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/738 Files in this item: 1
cavric2006WAVES.pdf (4.557Mb) -
Mahgoub, S.E.O.; Chilisa, B.; Lombe, C. (AFAHPER-SD; see http://www.ajol.info/journal_index.php?jid=153, October NaN, 2000)[more][less]
Abstract: This study examined the weight control perception and the factors associated with it among female adolescents in Gaborone, Botswana. The subjects were two hundred and twenty 15-17 year-old students from five Community Junior Secondary schools in Gaborone, representing 7 ethnic backgrounds with 75% of them being Batswana... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/221 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)Mahgoub_AJPHERD_2000.pdf (1.244Mb) -
Thupayagale, G.; Dithole, K. (Nursing Forum. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bsc/nuf, NaN, 2005)[more][less]
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to create a debate on whether the name “nursing” has any influence on how the nursing profession is perceived today by other healthcare professionals and the general public the nursing profession serves. A quantum leap is being suggested by the authors, as only a paradigm shift could change the world’s mindset on nursing and its recognition as a profession. A change in name is what the authors see as a way of changing the unflattering perception of nurses and enhancing its status to the level of respectability of other healthcare professions. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/568 Files in this item: 1
What is in a name.pdf (565.0Kb) -
Dube, M.W. (Sage Publications / http://www.sagepublications.com, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: This article is an amalgam of four talks given over several days at The Community of Women and Men in Mission Conference. The overall title 'Who do you say that I am?' covers the subjects of Jesus the Liberator, The Healer, The One Who Empowers, and The One Who Sends Us. The author explores these issues in the context of Africa and opens a very illuminating set of questions. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/819 Files in this item: 1
Dube_FT_2007.pdf (2.305Mb) -
Ntseane, P.G.; Preece, J. (Routledge. http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/0376835x.asp, September NaN, 2005)[more][less]
Abstract: A phenomenological study that was carried out among five ethnic groups of Botswana revealed the importance of taking into account culturally situated sexual realities when prevention policies for HIV/AIDS are considered and implemented. Furthermore the study threw light on the ineffectiveness of the current national HIV/AIDS prevention strategy of ‘Abstain, Be faithful, or use a Condom’ (ABC), a strategy that has been externally imposed on communities, without sufficiently engaging the behavioural practices and values of the communities themselves. This paper therefore advocates educational strategies for HIV/AIDS prevention that take into consideration localised social relations and value systems. Devising policies that engage with the discourses that are dominant in each ethnic group can make a difference in a country that has been hard-hit by the HIV/ AIDS epidemic URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/517 Files in this item: 1
Ntseane_DSA_2005.pdf (1.017Mb) -
Somolekae, G.S. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 2000)[more][less]
Abstract: This article is about the struggles of Batswana women to attain gender equality. The article traces women's exclusion from public decision-making much broadly as a fundamental feature of the Tswana patriachal structure. This situation tends to reinforce itself within the public sphere in terms of discriminatory legislation and other forms of marginalization. The favorable international climate and the institutionalizationof the women's movement are identified as some of the factors that have helped to bring about positive change. However, it is urged that in order for their marginalization to be effectively addressed, the focus of the women's movement should not be on increasing numbers per se, but on transforming institutions. Women representatives should be at the forefront of pushing this transformative agenda. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/986 Files in this item: 1
Somolekae_PBJAS_2000.pdf (652.0Kb) -
Mbaiwa, J.E. (Elsevier http://www.doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.03.007, NaN, 2005)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper uses the concept of sustainable development to examine the utilisation of wildlife resources at Moremi Game Reserve (MGR) and Khwai community area (NG 18/19) in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Using both secondary and primary data sources, results show that the establishment of MGR in 1963 led to the displacement of Khwai residents from their land; affected Basarwa’s hunting and gathering economy; marked the beginning of resource conflicts between Khwai residents and wildlife managers; and, led to the development of negative attitudes of Khwai residents towards wildlife conservation. Since the late 1980s, a predominately foreign owned tourism industry developed in and around MGR, however, Khwai residents derive insignificant benefits from it and hence resource conflicts increased. In an attempt to address problems of resource conflicts and promote sustainable wildlife utilisation, the Botswana Government adopted the Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) programme, which started operating at Khwai village in 2000. The CBNRM programme promotes local participation in natural resource management and rural development through tourism. It is beginning to have benefits to Khwai residents such as income generation, employment opportunities and local participation in wildlife management. These benefits from CBNRM are thus having an impact in the development of positive attitudes of Khwai residents towards wildlife conservation and tourism development. This paper argues that if extended to MGR, CBNRM has the potential of minimising wildlife conflicts between Khwai residents and the wildlife-tourism sectors. This approach may in the process promote the sustainable wildlife use in and around MGR. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/439 Files in this item: 1
Mbaiwa_JEM_2005.pdf (2.041Mb)