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Nijegorodov, N.; Mabbs, R.; Winkoun, D.P. (Elsevier Science Ltd. www.elsevier.com/locate/saa, NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: Please refer to the attached article for an ABSTRACT. The abstract was not uploaded here due to formula appearance problem in UBRISA. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/402 Files in this item: 1
Nijegorodov_SAa59-2003.pdf (1.367Mb) -
Bose, K. (IJSRE, http://www.ijsre.com, December NaN, 2010)[more][less]
Abstract: The study assessed the views of in-service participants of the University of Botswana (who are pursuing Bachelors degree in Primary Education) regarding the empowerment of Early Childhood Education teachers with Information and Communication Technology skills. Both quantitative and qualitative research designs were adopted. Eighty-two final year students constituted the sample. A semi-structured questionnaire was used. The findings showed that the respondents strongly believed that the Early Childhood Education teachers in Botswana should be empowered with Information and Communication Technology skills. However, they didn’t find the existing curriculum feasible due to lack of in-depth content and pedagogy adopted to deliver the content. The findings showed that the student teachers were not able to realize the usefulness of the popular, generic packages and communication tools. The participants of the study suggested for a comprehensive curriculum with spread-out modules that could offer basic Information Communication Technology skills initially, and provide advanced features in succession, in order to enable them infuse content with technology; perform administrative tasks efficiently; conduct research in Early Childhood Education; and generate local-specific multi-media packages for young Batswana. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/978 Files in this item: 1
Bose_IJSRE_2010.pdf (2.043Mb) -
Mutshewa, A. et al (Archlib and Information Services, http:/www.hwwilson.com/journals; http://www.ajol.info, NaN, 2010)[more][less]
Abstract: Public libraries are established to be used by communities. Surprisingly, many people in communities where there are public libraries do not make use of them. This descriptive study investigated the information needs and information-seeking behaviour of such non-library users, so that the libraries could redesign their services to attract them. Also examined are the barriers encountered by non-library users in getting information, their reasons for not using the library, and their perceptions on current outreach efforts by libraries in the communities. The target population for this study was the community of non-library users in Botswana. The snowball sampling method was used to select 302 respondents from 34 research sites in the country. The findings indicated that respondents knew about the existence of the library through friends, Kgotla meetings, and advertisements in local media, and they were also willing to participate in the activities of the library. However, lack of time, distance to the library and inadequate relevance of the library resources and services to the activities the respondents were engaged in seemed to be the main barriers to library use. In terms of information required, it was difficult for the respondents to express their information needs; nevertheless, the study was able to establish that the respondents often needed information on current affairs, education, business and agriculture, and they used radio, newspapers, friends, work supervisors and personal experience to meet their needs. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1099 Files in this item: 1
Mutshewa_AJLAIS_2010.pdf (376.1Kb) -
Snell, R.; Sebina, P. (Australian society of Archivists, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper puts forward ideas about trying to take public access to government information from where it currently is - a few painful, costly and hard fought steps from its strongly resisted implementation - towards where it should be in an information age. The current state of play in Australia after more than twenty years of experience is barely measurable. The comments in this paper are focused on the capacity of citizens to access non-personal affairs information on a routine and relatively unproblematic basis. If in other areas of the information revolution we had accepted the same minimal results as we have with Freedom of Information (FOI) then the Internet, laptop computers, iPods and BlackBerries would have all remained unbelievable elements of speculative science fiction. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/424 Files in this item: 1
Snell_AM_2007.pdf (1.239Mb) -
Biza-Khupe, S. (EuroJournals Publishing, http://www.eurojournals.com/REFAS.htm, NaN, 2011)[more][less]
Abstract: Financial information regulation forms an integral part of consumer financial markets, while market efficiency provides a measure of the aptness of any financial regulatory architecture. There has been a noticeable shift in paradigm in financial information regulation globally. Many governments are demanding increased financial information disclosures from financial institutions to investors and borrowers. To the extent that the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) has been attributed to a lax financial regulatory regime, there has been an increased propensity for control and disclosure. This stance has gained impetus despite evidence suggesting that increased financial information disclosures breed information oversupply. Information oversupply adversely effects individuals’ rationalisation and financial decision-making processes, a matter which impedes on the overall market efficiency. Despite the proliferation of financial information oversupply in consumer financial markets, this phenomenon has remained relatively unexplored. This paper contributes to the literature by conducting an empirical exploration of the determinants of financial information oversupply emanating from the prevailing information regulatory regime. A model incorporating both the psychological and cost/benefit theoretical streams is proposed and tested using data collected from Melbourne residents in Australia. The Cost of Information Search and Prior Memory Structure were found to significantly influence the dependent variable, while the dependent variable did not significantly relate to Credit Experience and Age. The implications of the study are discussed and areas for further research suggested. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1087 Files in this item: 1
Biza-Khupe_RFAS_2011.pdf (1.901Mb) -
Oladokun, O. (Routledge (Taylor and francis)/www.routledge.com, NaN, 2010)[more][less]
Abstract: The focus of this study is on the information-seeking behavior of the off-campus students in 2 of the 7 satellite centers of the Centre for Continuing Education, the outreach arm of the University of Botswana. Although the university deeply committed itself to the project, the university library could not afford to establish branch libraries in all the off-campus centers. With the nearest university branch libraries located some 160 km and 200 km away from the centers of study and only branch offices of the public library available, the findings revealed that the library and information needs of the students were not significantly met. As printed sources were revealed as their preferred choice of information format, e-mail and the Internet sources were not given much priority, even though there was evidence that suggests the students were adequately equipped through the teaching of information skills. Questionnaire and interview tools were used. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1000 Files in this item: 1
Oladokun_JLA_2010.pdf (1.118Mb) -
Daka, J.S.J. (http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu/viewarticle.php?id=555., NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: In August 2002, the University of Botswana changed from a yearlong to a semester based academic system. However, the progression regulations were not be fully implemented on the information system mainly due to problems of interpretation. Due to this, a manual system was used. The manual system could not cope in making recommendations for all students leading to some regulations not being applied. To address this, a revision of the regulations was undertaken in 2007. These regulations require implementation on the information system. This paper discusses the main aspects of the 2007 regulations and their implementation via a computer program. The paper shows that a complete implementation of the regulations is possible using a computer program. The program was applied to sample students' academic results to provide progression recommendations that were found to agree with expected results. The paper concludes that an information system based implementation ensures uniform application of regulations. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/470 Files in this item: 1
DAka_IJEDICT_2008.pdf (154.8Kb) -
Raseroka, K. (Elsevier, http://www.elsevier.com, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper reflects on factors that need to be considered for establishment of an equitable knowledge society that will secure the Indigenous Knowledge space. While information communication technology facilitates the capture of a predominantly oral-based indigenous knowledge, its contribution to exploitative approaches to information access, also encourages the development of such knowledge as a commodity for competitive advantage, a factor that requires serious consideration. The basis for this consideration should be the World Summit on the information Society (WSIS) Principles which provide the promise of equitable access to information as a base for creation of the knowledge society through ethically grounded information use and sharing. ª 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/489 Files in this item: 1
Raseroka_IILR_2008.pdf (1.088Mb) -
Chaturvedi, P. (Oxford University Press, Oxford Journals; http://ecam.oxfordjournals.org/, March NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: In the present study, inhibitory effect of the methanol extract of Raphanus sativus root on lipid peroxidation has been carried out in normal rats. Graded doses of methanol extract of root of the plant (40, 80 and 120 mg kg 1 body weight) were administered orally for 15 days to experimental treated rats. Distilled water was administered to experimental control rats. At the end of experiment, rats were killed by decapitation after ether anesthesia. Blood and liver were collected to measure thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, reduced glutathione and activity of catalase. Results indicated that the extract of R. sativus root reduced the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance significantly in all experimental treated groups (P50.05) as compared to the experimental control group. It also increased the levels of reduced glutathione and increased the activity of catalase. In vitro experiments with the liver of experimental control and experimental treated rats were also carried out against cumene hydroperoxide induced lipid peroxidation. The extract inhibited in vitro cumene hydroperoxide induced lipid peroxidation. R. sativus inhibits lipid peroxidation in vivo and in vitro. It provides protection by strengthening the antioxidants like glutathione and catalase. Inclusion of this plant in every day diet would be beneficial. Description: eCAM Advance Access originally published online on February 20, 2007 eCAM 2008 5(1):55-59; doi:10.1093/ecam/nel077 Version available here is the 2007 version. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/182 Files in this item: 2
Inhibitory response of raphanus.pdf (861.5Kb)license.txt (1.998Kb) -
Lekoko, R.; Modise, O. (IJLE, http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tled20, February NaN, 2011)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper argues that lifelong learning can be a torch for education that is relevant, appropriate and appreciated by many Africans if conceptualized within the African Indigenous Learning (AIL) framework. Such learning is entrenched deep in the practices, cultures and ways of knowing of many Africans. The fundamentals or the ideals of lifelong learning in AIL can be presented in three dimensions of time, space, and I/We. Woven together, these concepts present a context in which lifelong learning is defined by aspects such as learning-in-action (immediacy of application); interactive methods; and a time that is only valued in respect of events that constitute it. Generally, an understanding of lifelong learning from the western perspective hinges on the linearity, economics and individualism of learning and these concepts may not be well promoted within the framework of AIL. It is not difficult to imagine the impact of borrowed concepts of learning on Africans if applied uncritically. Africans cannot afford to be oblivious of the differences in contexts between them and the western world. Context, therefore, is central to the application of lifelong learning. The authors of this paper have a full understanding that people in different parts of Africa may view lifelong learning in different ways. Thus, the term ‘African’ is used to underscore the importance of context. The authors also note that the advantages of lifelong learning to Africa are obvious vis‐à‐vis learning as a human right and a social justice. While these ideals are helpful, Africans cannot be subservient to how lifelong learning comes packaged from the western perspectives. To illustrate some differences, some ideals of lifelong learning in the AIL are introduced through the case of an adult education compensatory programme, and a three dimensional model is proposed for applying these ideals. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1118 Files in this item: 1
Lekoko_IJLE_2011.pdf (3.077Mb) -
Pansiri, N.O. (SAGE Publications. http://ema.sagepub.com, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: A descriptive study using questionnaires was conducted in 2004 to assess the effectiveness of instructional leadership displayed by primary school management teams following the implementation of the Primary School Management Project in Botswana. Leadership skills, Coordination of instructional activities, management of curriculum and quality of learners were key variables that guided the study. Respondents were 240 primary school teachers including school heads and 575 learners. Data were analyzed descriptively through the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program using frequencies and percentages. The results reveal school management teams' lack of interpersonal skills necessary for classroom supervision, inability to mobilize parents to participate in school instructional improvement activities, teachers' unauthorized use of corporal punishment and lack of creativeness and innovativeness for management of curriculum change. Regarding quality of learning, the study identifies learners' inability and lack of freedom for self-expression and inadequate acquisition of basic literacy skill at varying degrees between rural and urban schools. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/520 Files in this item: 1
Pansiri_EMAL_2008.pdf (1.891Mb) -
Moswela, B. (EMAL, http://ema.sagepub.com, January NaN, 2010)[more][less]
Abstract: This study was conducted to determine how instructional supervision was carried out in schools. The study begins with a brief outline of the decentralization of the inspection system in Botswana. It proceeds to present a brief global historical background of instructional supervision before findings on instructional supervision are discussed. Evidence from the findings, which were obtained from teachers and head teachers through a structured questionnaire and interview, suggests that the environment in which instructional supervision takes place in schools is rather hostile and intimidating to teachers to make any meaningful impression on the improvement of teaching standards. Instructional supervisors’ effectiveness is constrained by the much expanded secondary education system that has seen a massive increase in schools and teachers in a relatively short time. The study concludes with the recommendation that, for instructional supervision to fully benefit schools, it needs restructuring so that the teachers and the head teachers play a more meaningful and effective role. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1076 Files in this item: 1
Moswela_EMAL_2010.pdf (1.527Mb) -
Kgathi, D.L.; Bolaane, B. (Sage http://wmr.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/19/4/342, NaN, 2001)[more][less]
Abstract: Sustainable solid waste management is a strategy for achieving environmental quality in both the developed and the developing world. Environmental quality is a necessary condition for an increase in per capita welfare over time. The paper suggests alternative instruments for solid waste reduction, re-use and recycling. But to be able to apply the suggested economic instruments, the quantities and composition of the waste must be known. Having identified the current instruments of Botswana’s solid waste management (regulatory measures, environmental education, and economic instruments of property rates, service levy, and sanitation fees), the paper argues that these do not go far enough in enhancing environmental protection. Alternative instruments such as solid waste collection and disposal levies, deposit refund schemes, and product levies are suggested. It is also suggested that public environmental education and regulatory measures should be strengthened. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/480 Files in this item: 1
Kgathi_WMR_2001.pdf (1.278Mb) -
Swatuk, L. A.; Rahm, D. (Elsevier, http://www.linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1474706504001834, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: Botswana is generally regarded as an African success story. Nearly four decades of unabated economic growth, multi-party democracy, conservative decision-making and low-levels of corruption have made Botswana the darling of the international donor community. One consequence of rapid and sustained economic development is that water resources use and demands have risen dramatically in a primarily arid/semi-arid environment. Policy makers recognize that supply is limited and that deliberate steps must be taken to manage demand. To this end, and in line with other members of the Southern African Development Community (SADC), Botswana devised a National Water Master Plan (NWMP) and undertook a series of institutional and legal reforms throughout the 1990s so as to make water resources use more equitable, efficient and sustainable. In other words, the stated goal is to work toward Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in both policy and practice. However, policy measures have had limited impact on de facto practice. This paper reflects our efforts to understand the disjuncture between policy and practice. The information presented here combines a review of primary and secondary literatures with key informant interviews. It is our view that a number of constraints—cultural, power political, managerial—combine to hinder efforts toward sustainable forms of water resources use. If IWRM is to be realized in the country, these constraints must be overcome. This, however, is no small task. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/405 Files in this item: 1
Swatuk_PCE_2004.pdf (1.142Mb) -
Kiggundu, J. (CODESRIA http://www.africanbookscollective.com, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: Copyrights may provide more effective protection for indigenous knowledge than other forms of intellectual property such as patents, trademarks, and 97 confidential information. The most important aspect of copyright law may be neighboring rights. Neighboring rights are provided to those who perform in ceremonies or belong to groups which hold knowledge. The rights of indigenous peoples must be protected with international laws as well as national laws which are designed to protect those with indigenous knowledge. Model Licensing Agreements as well as university involvement in indigenous knowledge are also essential for international indigenous knowledge protection. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/583 Files in this item: 1
Kiggundu_IKSIPC_2007.pdf (3.611Mb) -
Heinl, M.; Neuenschwander, A.; Sliva, J.; Vanderpost, C. (Springer: http://www.springerlink.com, NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: A series of 98 satellite images was analysed to reconstruct the fire and flood history of a floodplain system in southern Africa(Okavango Delta, Botswana). The data was used to investigate interactions between fire and flooding, and to determine the relevance of rainfall and flood-events for fire occurrences on floodplains and on drylands. The aims of the study are (1) to analyse and compare the fire frequency on floodplains and on adjacent drylands, (2) to investigate the influence of rainfall and flooding on the fire occurrence and (3) to determine correlations between fire frequency and flood frequency. The analyses show higher fire frequencies on floodplains than on drylands because of higher biomass production and fuel loads. The fire occurrence on drylands shows a correlation with annual rainfall events, while the fire frequency on floodplains is in principle determined by the flood frequency. Between floodplain types, clear differences in the susceptibility to fire where shown by analysing flood frequency vs. fire frequency. Here, the highest potential to burn was found for floodplains that get flooded about every second year. By calculating mean fire return intervals, the potential to burn could be specified for the different floodplain types. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/792 Files in this item: 1
Heinl_Michael_LE_2006.pdf (1.827Mb) -
Gwebu, T.D. (Taylor & Francis (Routledge), http://jir.ucsur.pitt.edu/, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: Based on the intergenerational wealth flows conceptual framework, this paper investigates how the AIDS pandemic threatens to disrupt the transfer of resources between generations by using a typical low income urban area in sub-Saharan Africa as a case study. It explores the everyday living conditions of orphans, their guardians, and the primary home caregivers, with the intention of gaining a deeper insight into their current and future life chances, as a result of parental morbidity and mortality due to HIV/AIDS. The research employs a qualitative methodology and relies on documentary information from secondary sources. Short- and long-term recommendations on how to mitigate the negative impacts of HIV/AIDS on wealth transfers among the affected populations are suggested based on the study findings. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1019 Files in this item: 1
Gwebu_JIR_2008.pdf (1.160Mb) -
Oduaran, A. (Taylor & Francis, http://www.informaworld.com, March NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: The future of Botswana and Nigeria hangs precariously on the balance of life and death. In recent years, the latter seems to be winning as both countries face the devastation of their middle generation due to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Neither country can afford to simply watch their populations be depleted at such an alarming rate. This paper seeks to propose how an intergenerational framework might be applied to this situation with the hope that intergenerational policies and approaches might ameliorate this social crisis. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/655 Files in this item: 1
Oduaran_JIR_2003.pdf (1.084Mb) -
Ogunlusi, G.O.; Ige, J.; Oyetunji, O.A.; Ojo, J.F. (Springer Science+Business Media B.V., http://www.springer.com/chemistry/journal/11243, NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: The kinetics of the reactions between azidopentacyanocobaltate(III), Co(CN)5N3 3-, and iron(II) polypyridyl complexes, Fe(LL)3 2? (LL = bipy, phen), have been studied in both neutral and acidic aqueous solutions at I = 0.1 mol dm-3 NaCl. The reactions were carried out under pseudo-first-order conditions in which the concentration of Fe(LL)32+ was kept constant, and the second-order rate constants obtained for the reactions at 35 C were within the range of 0.156–0.219 dm3 mol-1 s-1 for LL = bipy and 0.090–0.118 dm3 mol-1 s-1 for LL = phen. Activation parameters were measured for these systems. The dependence of reaction rates on acid was studied in the range [H+] = 0.001–0.008 mol dm-3. The reaction in acid medium shows interesting kinetics. Two reactive species were identified in acid medium, namely, the protonated cobalt complex and the azido-bridged binuclear complex. The electron-transfer process is proposed to go by mixed outerand inner-sphere mechanisms in acid medium, in which electron transfer through the bridged inner-sphere complex (k5) is slower than through the outer-sphere path (k4). Description: Symbols may not appear as they are in the original abstracts. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1035 Files in this item: 1
Ogunlusi_TMC_2009.pdf (948.9Kb) -
Tabulawa, R. (Routledge. http://www.informaworld.com, February NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: Recent pronouncements by international aid agencies on their interest in and preference for a learner-centred pedagogy so far appear not to have attracted much scholarly attention. This paper attempts to explain this interest. It argues that although the efficacy of the pedagogy is often couched in cognitive/educational terms, in essence, its efficacy lies in its political and ideological nature. The fact that the aid agencies’ interest in the pedagogy became explicit soon after the fall of the Berlin Wall is in itself significant. The paper argues that aid agencies’ apparent lack of interest in pedagogical issues before 1989 lay partially in the very central hypothesis of the modernisation theory of development which became enshrined in policies of aid agencies soon after the latter were created. The hypothesis, coupled with human capital theory, viewed education in technicist terms. However, the ascendancy of neo-liberalism as a development paradigm in the 1980s and 1990s elevated political democratisation as a prerequisite for economic development. Education, then, assumed a central role in the democratisation project. Given its democratic tendencies, learner-centred pedagogy was a natural choice for the development of democratic social relations in the schools of aid-receiving countries. Aid agencies, therefore, had to be explicit about their preference for the pedagogy. Thus, the pedagogy is an ideological outlook, a worldview intended to develop a preferred kind of society and people. It is in this sense that it should be seen as representing a process of Westernisation disguised as quality and effective teaching. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/518 Files in this item: 1
Tabulawa_CE_2003.pdf (1.336Mb)