Browsing Faculty of Business by Title
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Ongori, H. (Academic Journals, www.academicjournals.org, NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: The aim of this study was to find out the causes, types, effects and strategies on how to manage conflicts in organisations effectively to enhance organisational performance. Therefore, it is prime responsibility of management to put in place appropriate strategies on how to minimize conflicts. This research contributes to the body of existing literature, specifically it will inspire managers to develop appropriate strategies on how to manage conflicts in their organisations effectively. The convenience sample of one hundred and thirty managers was selected for the study from government departments, parastatals, and private companies. The tabular method was used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that the major cause of organisational conflict is limited resources. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1084 Files in this item: 1
Ongori_RJBM_2009.pdf (532.4Kb) -
Ongori, H.; Agolla, J.E. (Academic Journals,http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM, http://www.academicjournals, June NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: In this era of globalisation career plateau in organisations needs to be managed effectively to minimize employee's intention to quit. Many employees find themselves in jobs that offer them limited mobility opportunities in terms of upward movement in the organisation. There are many drivers which lead to career plateau in organisations particularly organisational re-structuring. Career plateau affects both the management and the employees. Career plateau is considered as one of the contributing factors in employee's intention to quit in many organisations. Management and human resource professionals are in dilemma on the best interventions to put in place to manage career plateau effectively in order to enhance organisation competitiveness. This paper tries to investigate the drivers and effects of career plateau in organisation and recommends best strategies to manage career plateau in organisations.The methodology adopted in this study is critical review of the existing literature online and print. The major finding of this study is that career plateau is a major contributing factor to employee turnover in organisations. The contribution of this paper is that it will prvoke scholarly debate on management and other stakeholders to develop the best strategies to manage career plateau in organisation. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/799 Files in this item: 1
Ongori_AJBM_2009.pdf (601.5Kb) -
Makgosa, R.; Mohube, K. (Academic Journals, http://www.academicjournals.org/AJBM, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: There are some people that an individual keeps in mind when making a purchase. Usually, such people disseminate opinions and other individuals are pressured into following their trend, becoming associated with them and using them as a standard of their purchase decisions. Such people are known as reference groups and they include entertainment figures, sports heroes, political leaders, parents, co-workers, teachers and peers. This paper seeks to contribute to the existing body of the literature on reference group influence. Specifically, it focuses on peer influence among young adults’ products purchase decisions. A convenience sample of 101 university students participated in this study. The results of Analysis of Variance and t-tests indicated that there is more normative influence for a public luxury (sunglasses) than for a private luxury (cell phone) and private necessity (toothpaste). Informational influence was also more for a public luxury than a private necessity. Additionally, a public necessity (shoes) had more normative influence than a private luxury and private necessity as well as a high informational influence than private necessity. Overall, these results demonstrated that the influence of peers varies across various product categories. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1086 Files in this item: 1
Makgosa_AJBM_2007.pdf (1.038Mb) -
Temtime, ZT; Pansiri, J (Development and Learning in Organisations; Emerald Group Publishing Ltd; www.emeraldinsight.com/reprints, NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: Although the discovery of mineral wealth (i.e. diamond) has propelled Botswana into the middle-income category, the country still faces the problem of economic diversification, employment creation, income distribution and poverty alleviation. The main strategy employed by the government to diversify the economy and create employment has been the promotion of the development of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). There is a general consensus that Botswana should not continue putting all its ‘‘eggs in one basket’’. The most common argument in favor of SMEs is that they are sustainable forms of diversifying the economy away from mining; they create substantial job opportunities; and they help narrow the gap between urban and rural development, and alleviate poverty. SMEs employ more people per unit of investment as compared to large firms. The prevalence of low-skill and unskilled labor force in the economy coupled with the tendency of the government to reduce its role as primary employer made the promotion of SMEs a primary source of employment creation, income generation and poverty alleviation. The objective of the study was to investigate how managerial problems are affecting the performance and development of SMEs, and analyze the relationship between these factors and firm specific demographical variables, and the association among the problems themselves. Data were collected from through questionnaire from 250 SMEs. The majority of the sample firms were small in size (70 percent), owned by males (78 percent) and concentrated in the non-manufacturing sectors (merchandising and service) (90 percent) of the economy. Respondents were asked to rate the impact of 34 managerial items on the performance of SMEs on a five-point scale ranging from 5 (very high) to 1 (very low). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/47 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb) -
Marobela, M.N.; Mawere, S.P. (Academic Journals, http://www.academicjournals.org, July 4, 2011)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper explores the implementation of public sector performance reforms in Botswana magistrate courts to improve service delivery. The authors argue that it is imperative for management to consider the possibility of the unintended outcomes in public sector reforms something that is normally ignored when introducing change. Critical realist philosophy has been adopted as a guiding paradigm for this study. The main contention is that the social world exists independently of the researcher. In this study realist philosophy was used together with the case study methodology to give context. In the courts performance management was supposed to help improve service delivery by reducing court congestion, legal costs, and delays. However, the findings suggest that this has not been the case because of gaming and manipulation of performance measures. A principal constraint in writing this paper was the absence of relevant literature in Botswana. Data was sourced from one organisation used as a case study. Problems like the backlogs of cases and delays affect both the fairness and efficiency of the judicial system. Efficiency has to take account of other factors. Developing performance management systems that incorporate measurement and evaluation in the public sector continues to be a key challenge. Both the positive and negative effects of PMS must be embraced. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1083 Files in this item: 1
Marobela and Mawere_AJBM_2011.pdf (1.154Mb) -
Temtime, Z.T.; Pansiri, J. (Botswana Institute of Administration and Commerce (BIAC), May NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: Although the discovery of diamond has propelled Botswana from one of the poorest countries in 1966 to a middle-income developing nation, the country still faces the problems of economic diversification, employment creation, income generation and poverty alleviation. The main strategy to achieve these goals has been the promotion of entrepreneurship and small business development. In spite of the concerted efforts made to promote the development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), the small business failure is increasing at an alarming rate. This paper investigates the perceived impacts of marketing and finance on the development of SMEs in Botswana. 39 marketing and finance related problems were identified, largely from the small business literature, and the respondents were asked to rate the impact of these problems using a five-point scale. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation produced four critical factors (ie marketing actions, customer relationship, investment analysis and working capital management). These factors were also found to have a statistically significant relationship with firm specific demographic variables showing the need for comprehensive and flexible small business assistance programmes. The implications of the findings for policy makers, practitioners and researchers are also presented. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/191 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)temtime_BIAC_2006.pdf (3.029Mb) -
Tesfayohannes, M.; Temtime, Z.T. (Science Publications / ANSI Journals; http://www.ansijournals.com/3/c4p.php?id=1&theme=3&jid=jas, March NaN, 2002)[more][less]
Abstract: Large-scale industrialisation policies and programs have proved themselves impractical to developing economies due largely to resource constraints. Small and Medium Industries (SMIs) play an important role in the transformation of developing economies. The globalisation of competition and the world economy have direct relation with the ever increasing rate of technological changes, which in turn affect the competitive position of SMIs. Investment in technology is becoming an important weapon not only to achieve competitive advantage and profitability but also to survive in this turbulent and dog-eat-dog global market. As developing countries lack the necessary resources, expertise, skills and infrastructure, it is unthinkable for them to come up with new ways of producing goods or providing services. It is therefore wise and advisable to adopt the appropriate technology and management know-how that has been innovated and tested in the developed world. The purpose of this paper is to throw some light o n the prospects and problems of technology transfer in developing economies with a special reference to Botswana. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/185 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)temtime_pjas_Mar2002pdf.pdf (1.091Mb) -
Temtime, Z.T.; Shunda, J.P.W. (Science Publications / ANSI Journals; http://www.ansijournals.com/3/c4p.php?id=1&theme=3&jid=itj, June NaN, 2002)[more][less]
Abstract: The relationship between the degree of information technology usage, company size and its strategic planning practices has critical implications for sustainability of firm competitiveness. However the relationship has been conceptualised and operationalised in relation to only large firms. Only a few studies have attempted to examine the nature of this relationship in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in developing economies. This article examines three things: (1) the perception of SMEs about the role of IT in firm competitiveness, (2) the planning behaviour and practices of SMEs, and (3) the relationship between SMEs IT usage and planning behaviour. Data were collected from 44 SMEs in the Republic of Botswana. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/198 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)temtime_PJIT_2002.pdf (2.582Mb) -
Ongori, H. (Academic Journals, www.academicjournals.org, NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: The study tries to find out the driving forces for ICTs adoption, benefits, ICTs tools and barriers to ICTs adoption by SMEs.The methodology adopted for the study was a survey method whereby a conveneince random sampling of 150 managers/owners of SMEs were selected for study in Gaborone, Botswana. The data was analysed by descriptive statistics. The findings of the study indicated that, SMEs have not fully adopted ICTs in their business process because of internal and external challenges. This study will make pertinent contribution to the existing literature and inspire managers to come up with appropriate strategies on how to adopt ICTs in their business process in order to be competitive. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/845 Files in this item: 1
Ongorri_RJIT_2009.pdf (490.8Kb) -
Temtime, Z.T. (Science Publications; ANSI Publications http://ansijournals.com/3/c4p.php?id=1&theme=3&jid=jas, NaN, 2001)[more][less]
Abstract: Although strategic planning and information technology are key concepts in management research, they have been widely used in relation to only large firms. Only few studies attempted to examine the perceptions of small and medium enterprises (hereafter, SMEs) about the role of IT in strategy making. Moreover, these studies are of less significance for developing countries as the definition and environment of SMEs vary from developed to developing country. This article analyses the strategic use of microcomputers and software packages in corporate planning and decision-making in small and medium enterprises (hereafter, SMEs). Data were collected from 44 SMEs from 3 cities in the Republic of Botswana to study their perceptions about the use of computer-based technology to solve managerial problems, and analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that SMEs in Botswana engaged in both strategic and operational planning activities. However, microcomputers and software packages were used primarily for operational and administrative tasks rather than for strategic planning. They perceive that strategic planning is costly, timeconsuming, and hence appropriate for only large firms. The study also showed that firm size and strategic orientation have direct and positive relation to the use of computer technology for strategic decision making. The major implication of the findings for future research has been identified and presented. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/199 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)temtime_PJAS_2001.pdf (1.835Mb) -
Iwisi, D.S.; Kitindi, E.G.; Basson, N. (Emerald Group Publications, www.emeraldinsight.com, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: Auditing lends credibility to financial statements of enterprises. The Southern African Development Community (SADC) has committed itself to the promotion of small businesses in member countries. This implies that auditors will become more involved with small businesses as a result of their expected growth and expansion. However, small businesses are said to have characteristics that cause difficulties to their auditors. This study investigates the characteristics of small businesses in three SADC countries, problems auditors of small businesses in those countries face, frequency of occurrence of those problems, and their impact on auditing. The findings suggest that characteristics of small businesses in the selected SADC countries are similar to those of small businesses in other countries. Many of twenty-three problems suggested to auditors rarely occured, or occurred only occassionally. However, some problems are considered to have an important effect on auditing. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1060 Files in this item: 1
IWISI_ARA_2002.pdf (1.365Mb) -
Temtime, Z.T.; Pansiri, J. (Asian Network for Scientific Information, www.ansinet.org, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: Although the discovery of diamonds has propelled Botswana from one of poorest countries in 1966 to its current economic status as a middle-income country, the country still face the problem of economic diversification, employment creation, income generation and distribution, and poverty alleviation. Governmental and non-governmental organisations have put many efforts on the developments of small and medium enterprises (SMEs)to diversify away the economy from mining, to create jobs, generate income and alleviate poverty. However, the pace of development of SMEs, after 30 years, is slow. The small business failure rate is currently estimated to be over 80 percent. There is a general consensus among policy makers, politicians, and researchers in Botswana that this trend should not be allowed to continue indefinitely. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceived critical success/factors (PCSFSs) affecting the development of SMEs by collecting primary data from 203 SMEs in 3 cities in the Republic of Botswana through questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to present the empirical data. The findings showed that ten PCSFs (human resource development, organizational development, managerial background, managerial leadership and competitive strategy) affect the performance of SMEs. The PCSFs are strongly related among themselves, indicating the need for a holistic and systematic approach in addressing them. Important relationships were also found between the PCSFs and firm-specific demographic variables such as ownership status, experience and operating period. Recommendations and implications for policy and research are also forwarded. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/849 Files in this item: 1
Temtime_AJAS_2004.pdf (998.3Kb) -
Pansiri, J. (Routledge, www.routledge.com, NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to evaluate the strategic motives for alliance formation among tourism businesses. Based on past work on motivation for strategic alliance formation, this article identifies a set of motives and analyzes their implication for tourism businesses. The article further examines the role played by company characteristics in examining these motives. The motives are discussed in the context of the Australian tourism industry. A survey of Australian Travel sector businesses was carried out and the results indicate that 'internal drivers' are perceived as more important than 'external drivers' as reasons fro alliance formation. Company characteristics (sub-sector, number of employees, turnover, category, and ownership status) were found to be influential in top managers' assessment of alliance motives. The findings of this study imply that managers should conduct environmental analysis with a view to understanding how internal and external factors affect tourism businesses before any form of strategic alliances can be formed. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/848 Files in this item: 1
PanJ_IJHTA_2009.pdf (5.781Mb) -
Makgosa, R. (Botswana Journal of Business, Faculty of Business, University of Botswana, September NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of ensuring the measure equivalence of marketing concepts in cross-cultural research. It is crucial to give attention to measure equivalence in cross cultural research because it makes it possible for meaningful comparisons to be drawn between and among cultures. Specifically, the present paper focuses on a procedure of testing for the measure equivalence of the concept of conflict resolution strategies using multiple group confirmatory factor analysis. The results provide evidence of partial measure equivalence, which suggests that the concept of conflict resolution strategies is measured or perceived in the same way across the three ethnic groups investigated. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/60 Files in this item: 2
bjb_makgosa.pdf (176.6Kb)license.txt (1.998Kb) -
Mollah, A.S. (World Scientific, www.worldscientific.com, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: Market effeciency is an area enormous interest in the financial literature. Numerous researches conducted imperical in testing weak-form market effeciency in several stock markets and employed various techniques but the empirical evidence in controversial. Triangulation econometric approach is employed to assess the predictability of daily return series of the Botswana Stock Exchange (BSE) and to test the null hyphothesis of random walk model. The empirical results reject the null hypothesis of random walk model for the daily return series of BSE for the period of 1989-2005 and evidenced serial autocorrelation of return series, which clearly indicate predictability and volatility of security prices of Botswana market. However the empirical evidence of both non-parametric and parametric test reject the hypothesis of random walk model and indeed violate the notion of weak-form market efficiency. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/800 Files in this item: 1
Mollah_IJTAF_2007.pdf (2.049Mb) -
Temtime, Z.T.; Solomon, G.H. (Emerald; http://www.emeraldinsight.com/0954-478x.htm, NaN, 2002)[more][less]
Abstract: Examines the relationship between TQM perceptions, planning behaviour, and firm size in SMEs in Ethiopia. Primary data were collected from 57 SMEs through a questionnaire. However, as the study is a preliminary investigation, uses only simple descriptive statistics to analyse the sample data. The results are not significantly different from those of previous studies in SMEs. TQM perceptions vary with firm size and planning behaviour. The findings also indicated that excessive emphasis on short-term profitability, lack of resources, business planning and vision, and misperception of TQM practices are among the main obstacles to the adoption of a formal TQM program. Suggests some lessons and implications for future research. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/192 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)temtime_TQM_2002_formated.pdf (2.044Mb) -
Kaynak, E.; Marandu, E.E. (SAGE http://jtr.sagepub.com/, November NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: This article explores what would be the most probable scenario for the tourism industry in Botswana by the year 2020. A modified Delphi technique was used to generate data from 68 industry experts. The findings show that experts forecast progressively more changes and higher impact as one moves from values, structures, and events. The implication for policy makers and industry operators is that efforts aimed at increasing tourism may prove more fruitful if focused on changing structures and hosting events, rather than changing the values of the people. The study also improves on the understanding of Delphi forecasting behavior. It demonstrates that an expert who is optimistic on one factor—say, values—is likely to perceive the same with regard to other factors such as structure and events. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/737 Files in this item: 1
E.E.Marandu.at.el-TMPAB.pdf (2.639Mb) -
Temtime, ZT (Science Publications / ANSI Journals; http://www.ansijournals.com/3/c4p.php?id=1&theme=3&jid=jas, NaN, 2002)[more][less]
Abstract: The social and economic disadvantages faced by women, particularly in developing countries, has long promoted inquiry into gender stratification in the major socio-economic infrastructures. Higher education has increasingly become instrumental in giving women the knowledge, skills and self-confidence necessary to gain their rightful position in society. Despite the serious attempts made by higher education institutions in formulating and implementing gender conscious policies and programs, the participation of women is far from satisfactory. Furthermore, the pace of progress in attitudinal and behavioural changes in both men and women is very slow as socio-culturally instigated impediments are still alive. The purpose of this paper is to examine the current status of gender equality in the higher education system of Botswana. Data on students and staff on the University of Botswana were collected from secondary sources and analysed using simple tabulation techniques. Some suggestions are forwarded to achieve gender excellence in high education. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/184 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)temtime_pjas_Feb2002pdf.pdf (1.027Mb) -
Ndzinge, S. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 1992)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper examines the challenges and opportunities that present themselves to the Southern African region as far as free regional and international trade is concerned. The focus of the paper is on the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the one regional organization to which all Southern African countries are members. Issues that need to be dealt with include the existence of a total of three regional groups all concerned with trade: SADC, the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) and concern over productivity and competitiveness of the region internationally. The SADC region needs to move swiftly towards free regional trade as part of the process of gearing up to the ever increasing global competition. Domination of the region by South Africa is also alluded to briefly. There is very little discussion on the Democratic Republic of Congo and Seychelles, the latest members of SADC. However, data on these two countries is presented in the three tables contained in this paper. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/836 Files in this item: 1
Ndzinge_JAS_1997.pdf (942.0Kb) -
Temtime, ZT (Botswana Institute of Administration and Commerce (BIAC), November NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: The number of new indigenous business start-ups in Botswana has significantly increased during the past two decades. Unfortunately, the majority of them are not successful. Over 70% of new start-ups fail during their first 18 months. The general failure rate is over 80%, and only less than 2% of small businesses expand their businesses. It is noteworthy that this increased failure rate is substantially greater than the increase in the rate of new business creations. It is therefore essential to study the conditions that account for such a substantial rate of business failure and develop appropriate strategies to overcome the problems. The increasing rate of business failure has seen the emergence of several public policy approaches and assistance programs that attempt to improve the success rate of new businesses. One of the most intriguing of these is the Business Incubation Programmes (BIPs)... The purpose of this paper is to analyse why BIPs are critical for the development of all business and entrepreneurship and to put forward some suggestions on how BIPs can effectively be used for a proactive and sustainable entrepreneurial development. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/189 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)temtime_BIAC_2004.pdf (2.785Mb)