Browsing Research articles (Dept of Architecture and Planning) by Title
Now showing items 1-12 of 12
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Ketlogetswe, C.; Mothudi, T.H. (www.elsevier.com/locate/resconrec, NaN, 2005)[more][less]
Abstract: Recycling operations have become one of the primary strategies forwaste management,worldwide. Especially, recycling operations are viewed as among the most effective techniques for reducing the amount of municipal solid waste disposed at landfill sites. Botswana’s environmental policy on recycling stipulates, among others, that all waste management authorities should provide information on the classification and quantities of controlledwaste targeted for recycling. This paper, therefore, examines the extent to which recycling operations in Botswana have either been conducted in compliance with or in violation of some major environmental requirements as enunciated on statutory guidelines. Compatibility between environmental policies on recycling and actual practice is evaluated focusing on two companies (Dumatau trading and Botswana Tissue) involved in recycling operation. Data from the two companies is complemented by one collected from the Gaborone landfill site. Finally, this study discusses on the role played by various stakeholders in policy formulation and implementation with particular emphasis being placed on a select number of non-governmental organisations (NGO). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/378 Files in this item: 1
Ketlogetswe2005EnvPolicy.pdf (750.2Kb) -
Mosha, A.C. (Allen press, www.allenpress.com/ -, NaN, 1996)[more][less]
Abstract: In this paper we trace how Gaborone has grown from a very small village to the capital city of Botswana in a period of less than 30 years. Attention has been given to how careful design of master plan concepts has shaped the city and responded to the needs and aspirations of the residents. Through appropriate and enabling urban- development policies, standards and codes, a very amenable environment has been created. The city can boast of adequate and modern civic and commercial centers; modern functional infrastructure including water, electricity, roads and sewage systems; access to land for virtually all people; adequate housing provided by both the public and the private sectors and for the low income, the adoption of a very successful program of squatter upgrad- ing and self-help housing. Through careful management and development control practices, city growth has been contained quite well in spite of rapid development and the future of the city looks quite bright. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1061 Files in this item: 1
Mosha_AMBIO_1996.pdf (2.779Mb) -
Bolaane, B. (July 2, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: Public participation is considered the touchstone for the success of recycling schemes. In recognition of this, the trend in recycling policy and legislation is geared towards promoting people centred approaches in recycling with public education as the main driver towards increasing public participation. Most of the time, these initiatives do not take into consideration the perceptions and attitudes of the key stakeholders of municipal officials and the public towards waste recycling schemes. These perceptions and attitudes appear equivocal. This paper highlights the potential constraints to promoting people centred approaches in recycling and recommends some strategies that could mitigate them. The paper is based on a case of Gaborone and used household and key-informant interviews. The study found that, even though municipal officials in Gaborone are aware of the potential benefits of recycling, they appear not to embrace waste management reforms such as municipally organised recycling schemes amid their limited knowledge in organising such schemes. In addition, the study found that even though the public are aware of recycling, this does not necessarily translate into participation in recycling initiatives. Other factors such as limited economic direct economic incentives and absence of ‘visible’ recycling centres were found to limit participation in recycling initiatives. Further, the public are biased towards separating materials for recycling that have known markets and are of significant financial value. The paper concludes that while public education is important to raise awareness and enhance public participation in recycling, in Gaborone, such education must be complemented by direct incentives targeted to the participating public. To this end, the paper proposes a multi-stakeholder approach to recycling initiatives that involve NGOs, households, the private and public sectors to mitigate some of the above constraints. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/141 Files in this item: 2
bolaane _constraints.pdf (119.4Kb)license.txt (1.998Kb) -
Mosha, A.C. (United Nations Centre for Regional Development, http://www.uncrd.or.jp, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: Botswana, with a population of nearly two million is a democratic, landlocked and prosperous country with one of the highest economic growth rates in the world with the bulk of its economy coming from minerals and cattle. Social and line infrastructure has reached most people in the country. This development has been brought about through careful national development planning as well as through sub national planning. Sub national planning, the subject of this paper, has been through the preparation of economic development plans (district development plans), spatial regional plans (district settlement strategic plans, regional plans and land use plans) and specific subject area plans. Through these plans, in which rural communities fully participate in their planning and implementation, the rural areas have seen marked change and natural resources have been carefully exploited for the benefit of all people. However, in spite of these achievements, their implementation has faced limitations, constraints and challenges which are difficult to overcome. The constraints relate to plan formulation, implementation and monitoring, administrative guidance and problems with vertical and horizontal communication that has created a gap between the intention and reality of bottom-up planning. The paper concludes by putting forward suggestions on how to overcome these problems and chart a way forward for rural development. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/646 Files in this item: 1
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McQuillan, J. (University of Chicago Press www.springerlink.com/index/K8T8573317636045.pdf, NaN, 2006)[more][less]
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Nedović-Budić, Z.; Knaap, G.; Budhathoki, R.N.; Cavrić, B. (Urban and Regional Information Systems Association, http://www.urisa.org/, NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper presents an assessment of the regional capacity in implementing geographic information systems (GIS) and databases. We draw on a Web survey to determine the availability and assembly of spatial data at the metropolitan level in the United States. Information was sought from 388 planning organizations and regional agencies located in 349 metropolitan areas. Based on 116 responses (30 percent response rate), we generate descriptive statistics and run a regression model addressing the following aspects of the regional GIS capacity: data (contents, update, and assembly); technology (compatibility of software and data formats, data access, and the use of standards); people (staff, leadership commitment and support, regional communication and cooperation); policy (data sharing, funding, rules and responsibilities, and mandates/programs); and context (urban and regional issues and affluence). Although the survey reveals only a snapshot of a dynamic and evolving phenomenon, the results indicate that the status of metropolitan GIS in the United States may not be matching what is technically feasible. While the capacity is getting better over time, the process is relatively slow and the challenges of creating the base for building the National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI) are persistent. Future research and practice should place more emphasis on the relationship between the NSDI and its installed base. Nurturing of networks and compatibilities among organizational entities at various levels, local and regional in particular, should be given priority in devising policies and programs for a useful and sustainable spatial data infrastructure. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1022 Files in this item: 1
cavric2009BUILDINGBLOCKS.pdf (2.681Mb) -
Cavrić, B.I.; Toplek, S.; Šiljeg, A. (Clanak, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: Over the last two decades, there has been an intensive discourse and research about measuring sustainable urban development. Many cities, regions and countries have decided to introduce indicators for monitoring and measuring the progress towards sustainability. Today there is a wide spread perception that information on the environment in general, and urban environment in particular, is the determinant of effective rational decisions and allocation of resources. Such information would enable planners and decision makers to formulate redistributive policies and programmes to address some of the disparities that exist in a post-socialist city. Cities of the post-socialist world characterized by sharp disparities, socio-economic contrasts and environmental degradation provide an excellent laboratory for tracing information on the quality of urban life. The current situation in the emerging Croatian coastal city of Zadar reflects the diversity of the post-socialist urban change in a very fragile Mediterranean landscape. This paper takes a critical look at sustainable development and its measurements. It describes the participatory approach through which different local communities in Zadar were evaluating quality of life based on basic pillars of sustainable development. The identification and collection of their opinions provide valuable data base and community input into urban governance and development planning decision making. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/641 Files in this item: 1
cavric2008SPATIUM.pdf (2.200Mb) -
Kalabamu, F. (Elsevier www.elsevier.com/locate/landusepol, NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: Patriarchy has been defined as a gendered power system: a network of social, political and economic relationships through which men dominate and control female labour, reproduction and sexuality as well as define women’s status, privileges and rights in a society. Taking Botswana as a case study, this essay examines the effects of patriarchy on women’s access, control and ownership of land in southern Africa. It notes that while women were largely excluded from land ownership during the pre-colonial era, patriarchy has since been selective on the type and nature of land rights that women may enjoy. The essay argues that the weakening of traditional patriarchal structures, attitudes and practices in Botswana is a result of women’s self-empowerment, economic transformations and the replacement of chieftainship with democratic institutions. It ends by noting that despite the apparent weakening of pre-colonial institutions and attitudes, there have emerged new forms of female subordination, which require vigilance and constant exposure. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/630 Files in this item: 1
kalamu2006PATRIARCHY.pdf (967.9Kb) -
Bolaane, B. (University of Botswana, NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: Public support for source separation schemes in developing countries is still subject to continuing debate and limited work has been directed at understanding its manifestations. The purpose of this survey was to assess existing and potential levels of household participation in waste source separation as well as establishing the role they could play in future source separation schemes in Gaborone. Questionnaire based surveys were used to elicity information from households about their awareness of recycling and recycling initiatives, attitudes and willingness to participate in source separation schemes. The survey involved 17 households who participated in a pilot source separation scheme and 284 households who did not. The results showed that the majority of households are aware of recycling and recycling initiatives, but this awareness does not necessarily translate into participation in recycling activities in the absence of incentives and visible systems. It was also found that the majority of households are willing to participate in future source separation schemes, however, such willingness was primarily limited to separating materials that at the time had known available markets and were easy to separate. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/678 Files in this item: 1
Bolaane_BJT_2006.pdf (3.020Mb) -
Kalabamu, F.T. (Routledge, NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper explores the extent to which recent social, economic, demographic and environmental changes in Botswana have enabled women to inherit land, housing and other household assets. Using qualitative data from a study undertaken in the peri-urban village of Tlokweng, the paper notes that, unlike in the past when women were largely excluded from property inheritance, the majority of parents who participated in the study on which this paper is based are now more inclined and willing to share their estate equally among all their children or to favour daughters over sons in deciding who should inherit residential properties. The changes, which are heavily contested by older women, young men and teenage boys, appear to have been due primarily to increased numbers of female heads of households and the role played by unmarried daughters in developing the family estate and caring for the aging parents. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/750 Files in this item: 1
kalabamu2009EGALITARIANinheritance.pdf (1.388Mb) -
Kalabamu, F.T. (Taylor & Francis (Routledge), http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713413745, NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper explores the extent to which recent social, economic, demographic and environmental changes in Botswana have enabled women to inherit land, housing and other household assets. Using qualitative data from a study undertaken in the peri-urban village of Tlokweng, the paper notes that, unlike in the past when women were largely excluded from property inheritance, the majority of parents who participated in the study on which this paper is based are now more inclined and willing to share their estate equally among all their children or to favour daughters over sons in deciding who should inherit residential properties. The changes, which are heavily contested by older women, young men and teenage boys, appear to have been due primarily to increased numbers of female heads of households and the role played by unmarried daughters in developing the family estate and caring for the aging parents. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/745 Files in this item: 1
Kalabamu_DSA_2009.pdf (1.089Mb) -
Nedovic-Budic, Z.; Cavric, B. (Routledge, NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: With increasing internationalization of urban planning throughout the twentieth century and in the past several decades in particular, planning ideas and practices have been exported from a few, and imported in many countries. However, this ‘trade’ happens without clear expectations about the ensuing dynamics between the internal context and external influences. This paper attempts to enhance understanding of how planning systems evolve and which factors affect them. The conceptual frameworks and typologies used to characterize planning systems and their determinants are reviewed. Building on previous work, an integrated framework is proposed that captures the process, factors and outcomes of urban planning systems. The history of planning in Serbia and Montenegro is used to illustrate how a planning system evolves under changing circumstances and influences and to demonstrate the complexity of such process. The case study is not intended to provide a detailed historical account of the country’s planning trajectory, but to highlight the applicability of elements of the framework in a real setting. In particular, the focus is on conditions of imposition versus voluntary adoption of planning ideas as a way of examining the interaction between the local context and imported models, as well as the implications of such interaction. The article concludes with several pointers about the necessary research on the nature of planning exports and imports and their effects on the resultant urban systems, processes, environments and quality of life. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/738 Files in this item: 1
cavric2006WAVES.pdf (4.557Mb)
Now showing items 1-12 of 12