Browsing Faculty of Social Sciences by Title
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The Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) trade regime: Opportunities and challenges for BotswanaMokhawa, G.; Osei-Hwedie, B. (Botswana Society, http://www.botsoc.org.bw, NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: For a long time now, African countries have been demanding increased trade with the developed economies of the West as a means to promote economic development. 'Trade not aid,' has become the hallmark of this demand. Increased trade is to be realized through preferential access to developed economies markets, especially in manufactured goods. It is hoped that exports of manufactured goods would propel industrialization and help diversify economies away from traditional raw material exports. The USA has responded to Africa's demands through the Africa Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA) that allows Africa access to the world's biggest and most lucrative market. This article examines the objectives of, and benefits under, AGOA with a view to analysing the opportunities it creates for Botswana's economic diversification into manufacturing, especially in the case of textiles and apparel industries; and the challenges it poses for Botswana. Analysis of the challenges help us to highlight not only Botswana's internal weaknesses and problems but also that of the AGOA provisions, as well as pose the question of who benefits, helping us unravel the US motives behind AGOA. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/967 Files in this item: 1
Mokhawa_BNR_2003.pdf (2.220Mb) -
Maundeni, T. (Routledge Taylor and Francis Group, NaN, 1999)[more][less]
Abstract: This article draws on existing literature and a field study conducted by the writer to explore the problems faced by African females when studying abroad. A comparative perspective is adopted and, whilst it is recognised that women are particularly disadvantaged in general, the principal thesis is that African women are particularly disadvantaged, especially when they undertake studies abroad. The article describes and analyses the disadvantages faced by women broadly throughout the world, by African women in general and in education in particular, and the difficulties they face when studying abroad. The implications for policy practice and research are considered and some short-and long-term strategies suggested whereby improvements could be effected. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/896 Files in this item: 1
Maundeni_GE_1999.pdf (831.7Kb) -
Ntseane, D.; Maundeni, T. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, www.thuto.org/pula/html/, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: Based on the premise that children in the 21st century face numerous problems that affect their educational, social, psychological, and physical well being, this article argues that social workers are needed in Botswana schools to help students deal with the psychosocial problems that hinder effective learning. Such problems include truancy and school drop-outs, divorce, H1V/A1DS, poverty, child abuse, substance abuse, low-selfesteem, teenage pregnancy, sexual harassment and lack of support services. Children cope differently with psychosocial challenges. Some are resilient and can thrive in the face of adversity; others cannot. The latter can benefit greatly from planned interventions by social workers. This article aims to spark debate and further research among stakeholders involved in issues of social work and education. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/880 Files in this item: 1
Ntseane_PBJAS_2004.pdf (601.9Kb) -
Balogi, K.T.O. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: Since the 1980s, some major villages in Botswana have experienced an increase in deviance and crime among youth. This deviance is often manifested in an escalation of criminal gangs that are mostly male in composition. The intense search for the causes of this problem by traditional and modern custodians of law often blame parents' inability to control and guide their children. This paper explores some of the difficulties of regarding the family as either the cause or the potential solution to the problem of youth deviance and crime. Blaming families fails to take into account the effects of societal changes that undermine the effectiveness of the family as an agent of social control. Drawing on existing literature, this paper concludes that it is no longer useful to assume the centrality of the family in combating youth crime. Poverty, unemployment, changes in marriage patterns and divorce must also be taken into account, as all of these have serious implications on the structure and agency of the family. This calls for a baseline study on the family to put the fundamental issues of its structure and agency into proper socio-economic and cultural perspective. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/895 Files in this item: 1
Balogi_PBJAS_2004.pdf (666.2Kb) -
Setlhare, L. (John Wiley, www.wiley.com, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper examines how monetary policy was actually conducted in Botswana, by specifying and estimating a monetary reaction function for the Bank of Botswana (BoB). Basically, a monetary reaction function (MRF) for a central bank is an equation that is intended to establish the goals that have actually been influencing the actions of the central bank. A MRF would exist if the monetary authorities (or BoB in particular) have been purposeful and reasonably consistent in the policy-making process. Thus, a study of a MRF provides a test on whether the monetary policy-making process has been characterised by systematic (if it exists) or random (if it does not exist) changes in the policy instrument(s). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/992 Files in this item: 1
Setlhare_SAJE_2004.pdf (983.8Kb) -
Mokgatlhe, L.; Groenewald, P.C.N. (Elsevier, http://www.elsevier.com, NaN, 2005)[more][less]
Abstract: A method for the simulation of samples from the exact posterior distributions of the parameters in logistic regression is proposed. It is based on the principle of data augmentation and a latent variable is introduced, similar to the approach of Albert and chib (J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 88 (1993) 669), who applied it to the probit model. In general, the full conditional distributions are intractable, but with the introductions of the latent variable all conditional distributions are uniform, and the Gibbs sampler is easily applicable. Marginal likelihoods for model selection can be obtained at the expense of additional Gibbs cycles. The technique is extended and can be applied with nominal or ordinal polychotomous data. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1127 Files in this item: 1
Mokgatlhe_CSDA_2005.pdf (564.2Kb) -
Motlaleng, G.R. (Botswana Society, http://www.botsoc.org.bw, NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper aims to show trends and variations in the Botswana Pula exchange rate before and after the introduction of the crawling-peg exchange rate system. The survey indicates that previous devaluations not accompanied by the crawling-peg exchange rate system were short-lived. It is shown that since the adoption of the crawling-peg exchange rate system the Pula has been depreciating. Additionally, the variance and the standard deviation revealed that variations in the nominal bilateral Pula exchange rates have been minimal since the adoption of the crawling-peg exchange rate system. To corroborate the foregoing, both the variance and the standard deviation are computed for the nominal and real effective exchange rate of the pula against major currencies using quarterly data. The findings also suggest that the variations have been minimal after the crawling peg. This is shown by small variance and the standard deviation of both the nominal and real effective exchange rates. This implies stability in the Pula exchange rate and positive results of the crawling-peg exchange rate policy regime. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1008 Files in this item: 1
Motlaleng_BNR_2009.pdf (4.632Mb) -
Siphambe, H.K. (Taylor & Francis (Routledge), www.taylorandfrancisgroup.com/, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: Regional integration is a necessity for sustainable development and the generation of dynamic growth amongst SADC countries. For real integration to be achieved, there is a need for deep integration, which allows countries to surrender part of their sovereignty to a supranational power that will be responsible for bringing in uniformity amonst member nations in terms of policies and action. Countries in the region, even those like Botswana that have done well economically, share problems of poverty, high unemployment and disparuty in income distribution. Botswana, however, has some lessons to offer to the region, coming mainly from its prudent management of the economy, democracy and peace. As regional integration may lead to underinvestment in skills development if not properly coordinated, countries need to pursue employment creation more vigorously. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/885 Files in this item: 1
Siphambe_DSA_2004.pdf (701.0Kb) -
Mogalakwe, M. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: About a decade ago, the left learning Review of African Political Economy (ROAPE) published an article by Hoogvelt et al 1992)entitled: ‘The World Bank and Africa: A Case of Mistaken Identity.’ The article criticized the World Bank’s simplistic tendency to lump together African countries as if Africa is one entity. In their critique of the World Bank’s simplistic methodology, the authors cite several statements from the bank’s reports that posit, inter alia, that Africa is facing deepening crisis because of weak economic growth, low levels of manufacturing, poor export performance, declining industrial output, climbing debt, falling per capita incomes, low levels of investments and savings, weak institutional capacity and deteriorating social indicators, all compounded by accelerating population growth. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/784 Files in this item: 1
Mogalakwe_PBJAS_2003.pdf (1.064Mb) -
Maundeni, T. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, www.thuto.org/pula/html/, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: Even though HIV/AIDS affects people of all gender and age, most HIV research in Botswana has mainly focused on either girls or women, neglecying the boy child. This paper discusses the reasons for this neglect, explores the various factors that predispose the boy child to HIV infection and concludes by outlining strategies for the wayforward. The paper points out the need for more reliable data on the number of boys infected with HIV and calls for intensive HIV education with special emphasis on skills and social norms. It argues that the key challenges in addressing the needs of boys at risk of HIV infection lay in convincing the public that children have to be tested for HIV and, deconstructing traditional concepts of masculinity in ways that fit new realities. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/879 Files in this item: 1
Maundeni_PBJAS_2004.pdf (796.6Kb) -
Othata, O.; Seleke, T. (Made Plain Commucation, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: This chapter reviews Botswana's integrity mechanisms within the business sector. It examines the role of the state owned businesses, by far the majority in Botswana,as well as the emerging privately owned business sector. It compares the role of various kinds of legislation relating to unlisted and listed companies, and the role of oversight bodies. In addition to relying on legislation and practice relating to business in Botswana, the authors of this chapter conducted an extensive survey of listed and unlisted companies, and conducted interviews with people in the business sector. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/636 Files in this item: 1
Othata_TACB_2008.pdf (1.771Mb) -
Fako, T.T. (Taylor & Francis, www.taylorandfrancis.com, NaN, 1997)[more][less]
Abstract: The 1990s began with a commitment to children through the adoption, by the United Nations General Assembly, of the Convention on the Rights of the Child. This Convention set the minimum standards of protection for children's survival, health and education; protection against exploitation at work; protection against the degradations of war; and protection against physical and sexual abuse. By 20th July, 1994, 163 countries had ratified the Convention and 11 other countries had signed but not yet ratified the convention (World Health Organization, 1994:1). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1119 Files in this item: 1
Fako_ST_1997.pdf (535.5Kb) -
Maundeni, T. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, www.thuto.org/pula/html/, NaN, 2000)[more][less]
Abstract: Based on a recognition that men's abuse of women has an impact on children, there is much that social work can do to address the problem of children living with domestic violence. Using findings of a study on children's experiences of parental separation and divorce in Botswana. this paper focuses on children's experiences of violence in the family as well as on perceptions of how the violence affected them. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications for social work. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/878 Files in this item: 1
Maundeni_PBJAS_2000.pdf (533.3Kb) -
Ntsabane, T. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: Southern Africa has through much of its 20th century history been characterised by a centre~periphery regional economic system. At the centre has been South Africa(minus its African reserves) and the rest of the region the periphery. Key has been the migrant labour system whereby the centre has been able to extract cheap labour from its periphery. The cheapness, however, is disputed by among others Burawoy (1976). The labour- supplying periphery was actually composed of two tiers. On the one hand were the African Reserves, comprising the Transkei, Ciskei, Bophuthatswana, etc., politically a part of South Africa. On the other hand were the independent states of Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland, Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/893 Files in this item: 1
Ntsabane_PBJAS_2003.pdf (764.7Kb) -
Mookodi, G.B. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 2000)[more][less]
Abstract: The concept of female-headed household has emerged as an important analytical category in the examination of poverty in life chances both within the context of policy research and social science scholarship. This paper presents the complexities that arise in the use of the concept of female-headed household within the context of Botswana. The paper presents some of the criticisms that the concept of headship in itself presents a monolithic and often limited notion of social organisation that fails to take into account complex gendered social interactions that occur within and outside the confines of domestic units. The results of a study conducted in 1996 reveal the complex interplay of cultural-structure and individual agency that are obscured by discrete notions of 'headship'. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/905 Files in this item: 1
Mookodi_PBJAS_2000.pdf (1.239Mb) -
Fako, T.T.; Linn, J.G. (Botswana Society, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40980365, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: The nature of the work of a nurse incorporates several distinctive and stressful features which include dealing with crises, the continuous physical and emotional demands of patients, and daily confrontation with pain, suffering, and death (Douglas, Meleis, Eribes and Kim 1996; Hillhouse and Adler 1997; van Wijk 1997). As a result, nurses experience higher rates of stress- related disease, mortality, suicide, psychiatric admissions, and general physical illness than does the general population (Harris 1989. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1121 Files in this item: 1
Fako_BNR_2004.pdf (3.042Mb) -
Sebudubudu, D. (Botswana Society, NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: Botswana is widely perceived as a succesful working democracy in Africa. What is striking about Botswana is that one party dominance over the past 36 years has not led to a proliferation of corruption as it did in most African countries. However, in 1994, Botswana established a specialised anti-corruption agency, the Directorate on Corruption and Economic Crime (DCEC), following a series of corruption scandals. The DCEC combats both corruption and economic crime i.e. thefts and frauds perpetrated on the public revenue. The focus of this article is on the DCEC, the reasons for establishing it, and the nature of its performance. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/981 Files in this item: 1
Sebudubudu_BNR_2003.pdf (2.689Mb) -
Mpabanga, D. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 2000)[more][less]
Abstract: This article attempts to analyse the trends and patterns relating to the past eight general elections in Botswana, from the pre-independence period in 1965 to 1999. Factors that have influenced elections in the last eight years will be discussed, and trends established for the same period. Data from various past election reports and analysis carried out by other researchers will be referred to in this article. The data used will be derived from; the total number of potential voters in Botswana; the number of electorate who registered for the elections and the number who actually voted. Percentages of the electorate who registered and actually voted, the ratio of electorate who voted to potential voters, and the ratio of voted to registered voters will be discussed. The electoral trend of percentage of voters by party and by number, and percentages of national assembly seats by political parties that contested in the last eight general elections will be studied. A summary and conclusions on these factors and lessons to be learned from the experiences of the past eight elections will be included. These experiences will be beneficial to all the political parties in the country, and the Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) in particular, which has won the 1999 general elections with an overwhelming victory. The BDP government and political parties should learn from the past experiences, and develop an improved and effective performance for the government. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/906 Files in this item: 1
Mpabanga_PBJAS_2000.pdf (889.0Kb) -
Molomo, M.G. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 2000)[more][less]
Abstract: This article outlines that the Constitution of Botswana provides for an executive presidency with extensive powers. Unlike other constitutions in the region where power is vested with the people, in Botswana it is vested with the President. While democratic procedures have not been flaunted in Botswana, in a situation where one political party dominates both the executive and the legislative branches of government, there is cause for concern. In this situation, the checks and balances provided for in the constitution are almost redundant. The declaration of the state of emergency and the granting of the Vice-President, Ian Khama, sabbatical leave by the President are examples where the President used his executive powers. This article concludes that given the wide-ranging executive powers that the President enjoys, there is a strong case for presidential elections. In that way, the president would be directly elected by the electorate and therefore directly accountable to them. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/897 Files in this item: 1
Molomo_PBJAS_2000.pdf (1.063Mb) -
Mokomane, Z.S. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 2000)[more][less]
Abstract: In this anicle, data from a survey conducted in March 1999 by the University of Botswana Democracy Research Project in fifteen constituencies in Botswana is used to examine the relationship between party preference and selected demographic characteristics namely, age, sex, place of residence and education. Bivariate analysis results indicate the ruling BDP is the only party that enjoys higher support among women and among rural dwellers. Opposition parties, on the other hand, have a stronger suppon base among middle-aged people in the 29-49 years age bracket. The results also indicate that the level of education tends to have a major role in determining party preference. The last section of the article critically discusses these findings. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/898 Files in this item: 1
Mokomane_PBJAS_2000.pdf (423.7Kb)
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