Browsing Faculty of Education by Author "Nnyepi, M."
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Mahgoub, S.E.O.; Bandeke, T.; Nnyepi, M. (Oxford University Press; http://tropej.oxfordjournals.org/, August NaN, 2002)[more][less]
Abstract: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in four randomly selected districts of Botswana. Two study sites were chosen in each district. Four hundred households with children under 3 years old were enrolled into the study. A structured questionnaire was administered to mothers of eligible children in 50 households in each of the eight sites. About half the families had monthly incomes below 400 Pula (1 US$ = 4.6 Pula). The majority of families had only one child under 3 years of age. A total of 76.4 per cent of the mothers were single and a high proportion of them had primary or secondary education. Over half, 59.3 per cent, of the mothers had a high level of information about breastfeeding mainly obtained before conception; 94.4 per cent of the mothers believed that breastfeeding was better than bottlefeeding. Ninety-five per cent of the mothers had breastfed their children, and they started breastfeeding immediately or a few hours after delivery. More than 85 per cent of the mothers were planning to continue breastfeeding for 18 months or more. The majority obtained advice about breastfeeding from health workers. The main reason for stopping breastfeeding was that the mother was at work or school. Although 58.2 per cent of mothers had little or no support for breastfeeding from the community it had a positive effect on their decision to breastfeed. The majority of mothers indicated their confidence about breastfeeding when they were pregnant. Over three-quarters (79.6 per cent) of the mothers delivered in government hospitals, and nearly all were roomed with their babies after delivery. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/214 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)Mahgoub_JTP_2002.pdf (199.9Kb) -
Nnyepi, M.; Gobotswang, K.S.M.; Codjia, P. (Macmillan, www.palgrave-journals.com/jphp/, May 12, 2011)[more][less]
Abstract: This study documents a marked discrepancy between the nutritional status of children aged 0–5 years in Botswana when measured by national surveys compared to clinic-based surveillance. We compared the average prevalence of underweight (weight-for-age z-scores below 2 standard deviations of the mean of the Center for Disease Control (CDC)/WHO reference standards) in children 0–5 years of age. According to clinic surveillance, prevalence of underweight has fallen from 14.670.03 to 3.570.04 per cent between 1993 and 2010. In national surveys, it had fallen from 14.670.01 to 11.570.01 per cent between 1993 and 2007. We explored several possibilities to explain this discrepancy, and conclude that it is because of sampling bias in the clinic surveillance. This finding underlines the need for properly conducted surveys to ensure accurate information about the nutritional status of children. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1051 Files in this item: 1
Nnyepi_JPHP_2011.pdf (1.267Mb) -
Mahgoub, S.E.O.; Nnyepi, M.; Bandeke, T. (Rural Outreach Program (ROP) www.ropkenya.org; http://www.ajfand.net/Index.html, NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: Malnutrition affects physical growth, morbidity, mortality, cognitive development, reproduction, and physical work capacity, and it consequently impacts on human performance, health and survival. It is an underlying factor in many diseases for both children and adults, and is particularly prevalent in developing countries, where it affects one out of every 3 preschoolage children. A well-nourished child is one whose weight and height measurements compare very well with the standard normal distribution of heights and weights of healthy children of the same age and sex. Factors that contribute to malnutrition are many and varied. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the level of malnutrition and the impact of some socio-economic and demographic factors of households on the nutritional status of children under 3 years of age in Botswana. Factors included: the number of children under 3 years of age in the family, occupation of the parents, marital status, family income, parental education, maternal nutritional knowledge, residence location (urban or rural), gender, and breastfeeding practices. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey using a structured questionnaire and measurements of weight and height. Four hundred households and mothers of children under three, representing the 23 Health Regions of Botswana, participated in the study. Reference standards used were those of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). EPI Info software (version 5) was used for data entry and analysis. The results show that the level of wasting, stunting, and underweight in children under three years of age was 5.5 %, 38.7 %, and 15.6 % respectively. Malnutrition was significantly (p < 0.01) higher among boys than among girls. Underweight was less prevalent among children whose parents worked in the agricultural sector than among children whose parents were involved in informal business. Children brought up by single parents suffered from underweight to a significantly (p < 0.01) higher level than children living with both parents. The prevalence of underweight decreased significantly (p < 0.01) as family income increased. The higher the level of the mother's education, the lower the level of child underweight observed. Breastfeeding was found to reduce the occurrence of underweight among children. The study findings imply that efforts for redressing child undernutrition issues in Botswana should focus on factors associated with development outcomes such as maternal income, maternal education, and the creation of employment or economic engagements URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/219 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)Mahgoub_AJFAND_2006.pdf (330.9Kb) -
Mahgoub, S.E.O.; Nnyepi, M.; Bandeke, T. (Rural Outreach Programme http://www.bioline.org.br/nd, NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: Malnutrition affects physical growth, morbidity, mortality, cognitive development, reproduction, and physical work capacity, and it consequently impacts on human performance, health and survival. It is an underlying factor in many diseases for both children and adults, and is particularly prevalent in developing countries, where it affects one out of every 3 preschoolage children. A well-nourished child is one whose weight and height measurements compare very well with the standard normal distribution of heights and weights of healthy children of the same age and sex. Factors that contribute to malnutrition are many and varied. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the level of malnutrition and the impact of some socio-economic and demographic factors of households on the nutritional status of children under 3 years of age in Botswana. Factors included: the number of children under 3 years of age in the family, occupation of the parents, marital status, family income, parental education, maternal nutritional knowledge, residence location (urban or rural), gender, and breastfeeding practices. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey using a structured questionnaire and measurements of weight and height. Four hundred households and mothers of children under three, representing the 23 Health Regions of Botswana, participated in the study. Reference standards used were those of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). EPI Info software (version 5) was used for data entry and analysis. The results show that the level of wasting, stunting, and underweight in children under three years of age was 5.5 %, 38.7 %, and 15.6 % respectively. Malnutrition was significantly (p < 0.01) higher among boys than among girls. Underweight was less prevalent among children whose parents worked in the agricultural sector than among children whose parents were involved in informal business. Children brought up by single parents suffered from underweight to a significantly (p < 0.01) higher level than children living with both parents. The prevalence of underweight decreased significantly (p < 0.01) as family income increased. The higher the level of the mother’s education, the lower the level of child underweight observed. Breastfeeding was found to reduce the occurrence of underweight among children. The study findings imply that efforts for redressing child undernutrition issues in Botswana should focus on factors associated with development outcomes such as maternal income, maternal education, and the creation of employment or economic engagements that do not compromise important child care practices such as breastfeeding. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1101 Files in this item: 1
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