Browsing Faculty of Education by Issue Date
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Shehu, J.; Mokgwathi, M.M. (Routledge. http://www.informaworld.com, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: The thesis of this article is that national sport and recreation policies constitute a pedagogical problematic, as they are texts bound to specific meaning and learning, with potential to impact on roles and subjectivities. As such, it is crucially important for physical education scholars to adopt a critical stance towards them, opening up the assumptions, intentions and social relations they embody to a profound and sensitive engagement. Ultimately, such a stance has broader implications for intelligible formulation and translation of polices into culturally sensitive practice. Using discourse analysis, a methodology grounded in poststructuralism, the National Sport and Recreation Policy for Botswana is examined for its ideological and epistemological rationale. The analysis presented in this article underscores the need for a reflective and reflexive attitude towards recreation policies, which seem to be taken for granted in postcolonial societies. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/524 Files in this item: 1
Shehu_SES_2007.pdf (1.047Mb) -
Malete, L. (SAGE Publications. http://spi.sagepub.com, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: This study examined the relationship between family factors and secondary school students’ aggressive and antisocial behaviours. Participants were 1,478 junior and senior secondary school students from four major urban centres in Botswana, aged 12-20. Results showed significant prevalence of self-reported aggressive tendencies and antisocial behaviours among secondary school students in Botswana. Boys rated themselves higher on aggression, use of alcohol and drugs and carrying and using dangerous weapons compared to girls. High scores on antisocial and aggressive behaviours were significantly related to poor parent-child relations and low parental monitoring. The results are consistent with findings from previous studies. The findings have important implications to violence prevention programs for children and adolescents. Suggestions for future research and the development of intervention programs are made. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/514 Files in this item: 1
Malete_SPI_2007.pdf (1.520Mb) -
Malope, P.; Gobotswang, K.; Gabaitire, L.; Ntseane, P. (Botswana College of Agriculture; http://www.bca.bw/Research/bojaasBca/Bojass_JournalsIndex1.htm, January NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: With an estimated 38% of the sexually active population infected, Botswana has one of the highest prevalence rates of HIV and AIDS. Since HIV and AIDS affect the most productive section of the population, it is expected to have a negative impact on the labour intensive agricultural sector. The study aims at measuring the impacts of HIV and AIDS on agricultural production in Botswana. The cross-sectional comparative study was conducted between July and September 2004 in three selected areas.... URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/222 Files in this item: 2
Gobotswang_BJAAS_2007.pdf (335.3Kb)license.txt (1.998Kb) -
Nnyepi, M.S. (Academic Journals. http://www.academicjournals.org, February NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: Access to primary health care can improve the nutritional status and survival of preschool children. The effect of the universal provision of primary health care in Botswana on the prevalence, types, and determinants of malnutrition in preschool children is unclear. 522 children 0 - 5 years old from 12 clinics in the greater Gaborone area were studied to address this gap. Children’s weights and heights were measured. Birth weights, age, sex, household’s socio-economic factors, children’s illness status and services sought at the clinics were obtained through care giver interviews and confirmed by the data in the health cards. 11.3 and 13.7% of children were stunted and wasted, respectively. Stunting and wasting ranged from 9.1 and 3.6% in middle-high income neighborhoods to 18.2 and 20.8% in low income neighborhoods, respectively. Households’ socio-economic factors were significantly associated with households’ location. Consequently, households’ location was a strong determinant of nutritional status. Children in higher income neighborhoods had better growth indicators than children in lower income neighborhoods. This was true regardless of the illness status of children and the services sought from the clinics. Therefore, where large socio-economic disparities exist, access to primary healthcare may not equitably support households in improving the nutritional status of children. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/519 Files in this item: 1
Nnyepi_SRE_2007.pdf (673.0Kb) -
Tabulawa, R. (Springer. http://www.springerlink.com, April NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: The University of Botswana has not escaped the reform fever currently gripping higher education institutions the world-over. In the late 1980s the University initiated an administrative/management restructuring exercise whose resultant structure was implemented between 1998 and 2000. The exercise, in many respects, was a response to globalization. The emergence, in the past two decades, of a global economy, the massification of higher education, and the globalization of neo-liberal economic thinking have compelled universities to recast their social and economic missions. Consequently, universities have had to restructure within the framework of a global ideology characterized by an emphasis on effectiveness, quality and efficiency. This paper explicates the restructuring exercise at the University of Botswana by locating the exercise within its global and local contexts. It argues that while the resultant structure reflected global influences and trends, it was as much a product of local concerns. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/511 Files in this item: 1
Tabulawa_HE_2007.pdf (2.309Mb) -
Nenty, H.J.; Adedoyin, O.O.; Odili, J.N.; Major, T.E. (Academic Journals. http://www.academicjournals.org, April NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: More than any other of its aspects, assessment plays a central role in determining the quality of education. Quality of primary/basic education (QoE) can be viewed as the extent to which the process of education at the primary education level maximizes desirable outcomes in terms of cognitive, affective and psychomotor behaviour of the learners. Given human resources demand for development in the society some cognitive skills are more desirable than others. Hence education, to meet the skill demand of the society must ensure the development of such desirable skills among learners. Since teachers are the key executors in the processes of ensuring the development of these skills, their perception as to the level to which each of such skills differ in enhancing quality of primary/basic education, and the level to which current assessment practices ensure the development of each of these skills are important in any attempt to contribute solution to the problem of quality in basic education in Africa. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which primary school teachers in Botswana and Nigeria perceive the six levels of Bloom’s cognitive behaviour as being different in the extent to which they enhance quality in basic education and the level to which their current classroom assessment practices involve items that measure each of these levels of cognitive behaviour. Survey data from 191 primary school teachers from Gaborone district in Botswana, and 300 similar teachers from Delta State in Nigeria were analysed using repeated measure ANOVA to test related hypotheses. The main finding was that there is a significant discrepancy between the level to which, in the perception of the teachers, each of Bloom’s level of cognitive behaviour enhances quality of education and the level to which their classroom assessment practices are able to provide for the development of such behaviour among learners. The results were discussed and recommendations made on how to enhance quality in primary/basic education through classroom assessment practices. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/589 Files in this item: 1
Nenty_ERR_2007.pdf (973.0Kb) -
Mberengwa, L.R. (Routledge. http://www.informaworld.com, August NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: This article discusses the challenges faced by most families in Botswana and the familial and social nets these families rely on to overcome the challenges. Both primary and secondary data were used to gather information. In-depth interviews were conducted with represenatives of various tribes to get their perspective on the topic. HIV/AIDS was found to be at the centre of all social, economic, moral, spiritual, and emotional interaction among family members. Its impact is challenging traditional thinking about family structures and family life and necessitating their redefinition. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/543 Files in this item: 1
Mberengwa_MFR_2007.pdf (1.133Mb) -
Moswela, B. (North West University; http://www.puk.ac.za/opencms/export/PUK/html/fakulteite/opvoed/educ/Reviewed_artikels.html, November 29, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper reports the findings of a research study conducted among 64 undergraduate inservice teachers at primary schools in Botswana. It uses the qualitative research method to examine and discuss the different leadership approaches used by principals of primary schools. The study concludes that the majority of the principals adequately involve teachers in the decision-making processes of schools. The analysis of the data shows that by and large, qualification is not a significant issue that affects the management style practiced by primary school principals. Rather, the democratic practices that prevail in schools are mainly the result of the existing school improvement initiatives introduced in schools in the 1990s. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/210 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)Moswela_eDUC_2007.pdf (208.1Kb) -
Kamwendo, G.H. (Brill Academic Publishers. http://www.brill.nl/m%5Fcatalogue.asp?sub=3, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: In a linguistically heterogeneous country, one of the critical challenges is to make information accessible to all people. Various communication media can be used: television, radio, telephone, the Internet and others. Malawi needs to embrace Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) in order to achieve development in all spheres of human life. Malawi’s use of ICTs ranks low. Th e critical challenge, therefore, is to promote an increased use of ICTs with the aim of improving people’s access to information. Given that only a minority of Malawians have access to ICTs, that television has not signifi cantly penetrated into rural areas where 80 % of the population lives, and that there is also a high illiteracy rate, the radio becomes the most accessible form of technology for information dissemination in Malawi. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/530 Files in this item: 1
Kamwendo_PGDT_2008.pdf (590.8Kb) -
Maruatona, T. (Florida International University, http://education.fiu.edu/newhorizons, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: This manuscript documents the perceptions of teachers and learners towards the Regenerated Freirean Literacy Empowerment and Community Techniques (REFLECT) approach in the delivery of literacy in Ngamiland District, Botswana. It suggests that REFLECT changed the perceptions, lives, and work experiences of learners and teachers. REFLECT caused teachers to recognize learners’ knowledge and experiences. It enabled teachers to experience professional growth and engage in democratic practices and encouraged learners to make personal and group choices and take action against certain undesirable practices, such as alcoholism and the sale of beer to minors. The study argues that, compared to REFLECT, the current national literacy program is centralized and has minimal impact on participants. However, as implemented in the pilot project, REFLECT also had limitations, such as failing to generate practical solutions, demanding too much time from participants, and using poorly qualified teachers. These challenges could be addressed and REFLECT should be adopted to train regular literacy teachers nation-wide. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1100 Files in this item: 1
Maruatona_NHAEHRD_2008.pdf (1.804Mb) -
Amusa, L.O.; Toriola, A.L.; Onyewadume, I.U.; Dhaliwal, H.S. (AFAHPER-SD. http://ajol.info/index.php/ajpherd/index, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: Participation in different forms of recreation and physical activities has beneficial effects on the health and health status of individuals. Physical inactivity has also been identified as a major health problem affecting many people in all regions of the world (World Health Organisation, 2002). Participation in physical recreation activities is influenced by several factors, e.g. time, interest, availability of facilities and accessibility to facilities (Scholtz, 1995; Sayed, Meyer & Monyeki, 2004). In developing countries several factors have been identified as precursors of physical inactivity, e.g. overcrowding, poverty, crime, lack of parks, and sports and recreation facilities (World Health Organisation, 2002). These factors often lead to the development of a number of health problems including hypokinetism, obesity, hypertension, premature mortality and increased prevalence of concomitant social and economic problems. In order to determine perceived barriers to sport and recreation participation in Botswana the modified Crawford, Jackson and Godbey’s (1991) constraint assessment questionnaire which focused on five barrier categories, i.e. aptitude, socio- economic, socio-cultural, facility-awareness and facility constraint, was used. Specifically, the study examined the factors that preclude or limit Botswana people’s frequency and quality of participation in sports and recreation, and the extent to which the barriers were distributed among the population. From an initial target sample of 2195 residents in six randomly selected communities in Botswana, data based on responses from 1664 (75.8%) correctly completed questionnaires were statistically analysed. Results indicated that the participants were constrained mainly by socio-economic, socio- cultural, facility awareness and facility inaccessibility barriers. These results provide relevant information for planning and delivering sport and recreation services as well as implementing intervention programmes for community health promotion in Botswana. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/692 Files in this item: 1
Omyewadume_AJPHERD_2008.pdf (833.3Kb) -
Pansiri, N.O. (SAGE Publications. http://ema.sagepub.com, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: A descriptive study using questionnaires was conducted in 2004 to assess the effectiveness of instructional leadership displayed by primary school management teams following the implementation of the Primary School Management Project in Botswana. Leadership skills, Coordination of instructional activities, management of curriculum and quality of learners were key variables that guided the study. Respondents were 240 primary school teachers including school heads and 575 learners. Data were analyzed descriptively through the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program using frequencies and percentages. The results reveal school management teams' lack of interpersonal skills necessary for classroom supervision, inability to mobilize parents to participate in school instructional improvement activities, teachers' unauthorized use of corporal punishment and lack of creativeness and innovativeness for management of curriculum change. Regarding quality of learning, the study identifies learners' inability and lack of freedom for self-expression and inadequate acquisition of basic literacy skill at varying degrees between rural and urban schools. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/520 Files in this item: 1
Pansiri_EMAL_2008.pdf (1.891Mb) -
Moswela, B. (IJLE, http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tled20, January NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: The nature of teaching exposes teachers to civil liabilities. In the process of teaching teachers need to discipline students who display bad behaviour. In disciplining the students, teachers use a variety of punishments including corporal punishment. Without knowledge of the legal implications of their actions, inadvertently they may find themselves on the wrong side of the law. This paper makes the argument that knowledge of educational law by teachers has now become imperative given the litigiousness of the parents and their children. Over and above the paper’s exhortation for the introduction of educational law to teacher training institutions, it also argues for the provision of in-service courses in educational law to serving teachers as a lifelong or continuous learning endeavour. This is made following the results of a survey that revealed miniscule or no knowledge of educational law among teachers. The data for the investigation were gathered using a questionnaire survey on teachers and school administrators. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1077 Files in this item: 1
Moswela_IJLE_2008.pdf (2.944Mb) -
Pheko, B.C. (SAGE Publications. http://ema.sagepub.com, January NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: This article analyses the views of selected headteachers on the impact of the 10-year basic education policy on the leadership skills of secondary school headteachers in Botswana. Research literature on school leadership and management in Botswana is sparse. Despite this, demands for effective leadership in schools have continued as the education system changes. In 1996, the Botswana Government started to implement a 10-year basic education programme, which rapidly increased student numbers at both community junior and senior secondary schools and building projects for school expansion became the order of the day. Secondary school headteachers have to manage these changes. A central focus of this article is their perceptions of the practice used to appoint them, leadership skills required for the post, their leadership training, and how training for leadership can be improved to meet the educational changes. Using results of the interview data collected from eight selected secondary school headteachers, this article exposes the limitations of the practice and procedures that are used in appointing headteachers to school leadership position and the established procedures intended to develop a skilled leadership force in secondary education to ensure quality education. The article highlights the need for Botswana to establish a leadership training policy to guide the training of headteachers and ensure that schools become effective. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/536 Files in this item: 1
Pheko_EMAL_2008.pdf (990.7Kb) -
Garegae, K.G. (Academic Journals. http://www.academicjournals.org, January NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: Although student discipline had existed since the beginning of mankind, the disciplinary methods employed have changed over the years, giving rise to culturally irrelevant disciplinary strategies. This study explored teachers’ views about approaches to discipline experienced in Botswana schools in terms of policy and practice. In particular, the study sought for information on teachers’ day-to-day experiences and their views with regard to the implementation of student discipline regulations. Twenty teachers, who have been in the field for at least eight years, were interviewed once. Interview proceedings were recorded and later transcribed verbatim. The study showed that teachers feel disempowered by schools’ discipline regulations, and that students take advantage of such regulations to undermine teachers’ authority. Based on the premise that discipline approaches are culturally conceptualized and negotiated, the paper argues that student discipline has grown into an epidemic in Botswana schools because culturally inappropriate approaches are employed. Recommendations as to how the problem could be curbed are discussed and suggestions for further studies are made. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/523 Files in this item: 1
Garegae_ERR_2008.pdf (791.2Kb) -
Paschalis, V.; Nikolaidis, M.G.; Giakas, G.; Jamurtas, A.J.; Owolabi, E.O.; Koutedakis, Y. (Springer Verlag, http://www.springerlink.com, January 3, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the effects of a repeated eccentric exercise on position sense and muscle reaction angle. Fourteen healthy women underwent an isokinetic exercise session on their knee flexors, which was repeated after 4 weeks. Muscle damage indices, position sense and joint reaction angle of the knee were examined before, immediately after, as well as at 1,2,3,4 and 7 days after exercise. The second exercise bout induced significantly lesser effects in all muscle damage indices as well as lesser disturbances in position sense and reaction angle when compared to the first one. The main finding of this study is that position sense and joint reaction angle to release of the lower limbs may adapt in response to a repeated bout of eccentric exercise, leading to less disturbances in position sense and reaction angle after the second bout of exercise. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/877 Files in this item: 1
Owalabi_EJAP_2008.pdf (2.748Mb) -
Malete, L.; Sullivan, P.; Matthies, B. K. (Fitness Information Technology, Inc. http://www.fitinfotech.com, March NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: This study examined the relationship between physical self-perception and the involvement of Jamaican youths in sport and physical activity. A sample of 1052 high school students aged between 12 and 19 years completed a Background Information Questionnaire and the Physical Self-Perception Profile. Participants were involved in competitive sport and recreational physical activities, or were non-participants in sport. Results revealed that the 5-factor structure of the PSPP as proposed by Fox and Corbin (1989) was not appropriate for the data obtained. A three-factor model based on the original PSPP items was proposed, consisting of the factors of Physical Self-Worth, Physical Appearance, and Physical Competence. Significant differences between different levels of sport participation on the three factors were found amongst these factors. Practical implications and proposal for further investigation of physical self-concept measures in this culture are made. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1104 Files in this item: 1
MaleteIJSEP_2008.pdf (1.040Mb) -
Radimo, B.W.; Nenty, H.J.; Matsoga, J.T. (African Educational Research Network. http://www.ncsu.edu, June NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: The poor and deteriorating overall performance in Botswana junior school certificate (JSC) examination is a problem that tends to defeat all efforts at finding a solution to it. Language has been found to be a powerful element of quality of education (Obanya, 2004) and the language of instruction, especially if not the learners’ first language, tends to have unlimited power to bring down performance even on other subjects This study was designed to determine the extent to which this might be true for students in Lobatse cluster schools in southern region of Botswana. Two hypotheses were posited to guide this determination and data on the performance of the 1204 students used in the study was collected from the Examination, Research and Testing Division (ERTD) of Botswana. Correlation and regression analyses were done using SPSS statistical package, and the results support the dominance of English language in determining overall performance in JSC especially for the combined group and for females. A little surprising observation was made in the case of males where science, instead of English language was the significant main predictor. The findings were discussed and recommendations made. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/688 Files in this item: 1
Nenty_JAERN_2008.pdf (3.507Mb) -
Monyatsi, P.; Tsayang, G.T.; Mhozya, C.; Bulawa, P. (IJSRE, http://www.ijsre.com, June NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: The Government of Botswana has made concerted efforts since attaining independence in 1966 to improve the quality of its primary education sector through a number of reforms. One such reform was the introduction of the Primary Schools Management Development Project in 1999 which was a joint venture with the British Department for International Development (DFID) whose main purpose was to develop the management and instructional leadership skills in primary school heads in order to make them more effective in their jobs. This paper reports the findings of a study that was carried out to evaluate whether the PSMDP achieved its intended mandate of improving the management of primary schools in Botswana. The study adopted the survey research design with questionnaires for different categories of teachers being the main instrument used. The study targeted three out of the six primary education regions, namely Central North, Southern and South Central. A total of forty Government primary schools were used with a total sample of 560 teachers in all. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1066 Files in this item: 1
Monyatsi_IJSRE_2008.pdf (1.350Mb) -
Ajiboye, J.O.; Silo, N. (IJESE, http://www.ijese.com, July NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: An intervention study was set up through the School Civic Clubs to improve Botswana Children’s environmental knowledge, attitudes and practices. The underlying assump-tion in using this informal approach was based on the premise that the school time table is already overcrowded and that the infusion approach currently adopted in the country has not produced the desired results. Hence, the Civic Clubs were introduced into ten Primary schools in Botswana. Using this informal approach, the children were given requisite training in civic and environmental issues, and they engaged in various activities for a period of six weeks. Data was collected before and after the project activities using two hundred members of the civic clubs and two hundred non-members of the club. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive analyses. Findings indicate a significant change in the knowledge and attitudes of the pupils after their exposure to the club activities. Also, there was a significant difference in the knowledge of pupils exposed to the EE club activities and those not so exposed. The interaction of pupils’ gender and class of study were also examined. Teaching children environmental issues through the School Civic Clubs was explored in the study, and the findings seem to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach as against the more theoretical class-room-based teaching currently going on in schools. The use of the Civic Clubs in promoting environmental education was therefore advocated by the study, both in Botswana and in other countries. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/790 Files in this item: 1
Ajiboye_IJESE_2008.pdf (1.212Mb)