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Measuring the impact of HIV and AIDS on agricultural production in Botswana

Malope, P.; Gobotswang, K.; Gabaitire, L.; Ntseane, P. (Botswana College of Agriculture; http://www.bca.bw/Research/bojaasBca/Bojass_JournalsIndex1.htm, January NaN, 2007)

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Abstract:

With an estimated 38% of the sexually active population infected, Botswana has one of the highest prevalence rates of HIV and AIDS. Since HIV and AIDS affect the most productive section of the population, it is expected to have a negative impact on the labour intensive agricultural sector. The study aims at measuring the impacts of HIV and AIDS on agricultural production in Botswana. The cross-sectional comparative study was conducted between July and September 2004 in three selected areas....

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10311/222

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Gobotswang_BJAAS_2007.pdf (335.3Kb)

license.txt (1.998Kb)

Nutrition and the ailing immune system: a challenge in the new millenium

Disele, P.L.P.; Peters, S.; Masoloko, T.; Shumba, A. (Office of Research and Development, University of Botswana; http://www.ub.bw, NaN, 2001)

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Abstract:	The new millennium has come but we are not healthy: the Human Immuno-deficiency VIruS (HIV) IS taking its toll. It is critical for everyone to find ways of coping with this problem, along side campaigns to eradicate the virus. There is need to explore the power of nutrition in boosting the immune system.
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1148

Files in this item: 1

Disele_PBJAS_2001.pdf (426.5Kb)

Nutrition-infection interactions

Mahgoub, S.E.O. (AFAHPER-SD; see http://www.ajol.info/journal_index.php?jid=153, NaN, 1998)

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Abstract:	Nutrition and health are closely related to each other. Adequate nutrition leads to good or normal health. The focus of this paper is on the interaction of, and relationships between, nutrition and infection (as a health aspect).
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/10311/220

Files in this item: 2

license.txt (1.998Kb)

Mahgoub_AJPHERD_1998.pdf (1.414Mb)

Predictors of food variety and dietary diversity among older persons in Botswana

Clausen, T.; Charlton, K.E.; Gobotswang, K.S.M.; Holmboe-Ottesen, G. (Elsevier; www.elsevier.com/locate/nut, NaN, 2005)

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Abstract:

Objective: We investigated whether food variety and diversity are associated with physical and cognitive functioning in older adults in Botswana and designed a simple set of screening questions that predict food variety in this population. Methods: Data were collected (1998) as a national household survey of 1085 subjects 60 y and older. A food variety score, based on a food frequency checklist, was calculated by summing the frequency of weekly intakes of 16 food items (0 to 66). A dietary diversity score was calculated as the number of food groups consumed weekly (0 to 5). A representative subsample (n = 393) was randomly selected for the clinical component of the survey, and measurements on dependency and cognitive function were conducted. Results: Low food variety was found: 35.2%, 59.3%, and 22.4% of subjects consumed no dairy products, fruits, and vegetables, respectively. A higher food variety score was associated with urban residence, ownership of cattle, higher education, and more frequent meals, and these indicators were used to construct a nutritional risk indicator. Higher food variety score was associated with better self-reported health and better cognitive function. Similarly, a higher score on the nutritional risk indicator screening tool was associated with desirable health outcomes. Conclusion: A limited number of foods is consumed, leading to an overall pattern of poor food variety. Higher food variety was associated with improved physical and cognitive functions. A screening tool that predicts food variety in this population has been developed and is recommended to be incorporated at a primary care level to identify older adults most at risk of a poor quality diet.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10311/212

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Gobotswang_N_2005.pdf (2.476Mb)

license.txt (1.998Kb)

Production and evaluation of weaning foods based on sorghum and legumes

Mahgoub, S.E.O. (Kluwer Academic Publishers; Springer Netherlands http://www.springerlink.com/content/t218k71qq13p5476/, March NaN, 1999)

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Abstract:

Five weaning formulations (F1-F5) based on sorghum, groundnuts, sesame seeds, chickpeas, and skim milk powder were processed by a twin-roller drum dryer and evaluated for composition, functional properties (bulk density, water absorption capacity, and apparent viscosity), in vitro indices (protein digestibility and available lysine), protein quality (PER, NPR, and NPU) and effects of feeding on rat livers. Composition and properties of the five formulations were compared to those of Cerelac. The results indicated that F3 (60% sorghum, 20% chickpeas, 5% sesame, 8.5% skim milk powder, 5% sugar, and 1.5% vitamins and minerals) and F2 (55% sorghum, 15% chickpeas, 5% groundnuts, 10% sesame, 8.5% skim milk powder, 5% sugar, and 1.5% vitamins and minerals) formulations had compositions and properties comparable to those of Cerelac and hence have a good potential for use as weaning foods.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10311/213

Files in this item: 3

license.txt (1.998Kb)

Mahgoub_PFHN_1999.pdf (371.8Kb)

Proximate composition of Karkadeh (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seeds and some functional properties of seed protein isolate as influenced by pH and NaCl

Mahgoub Salah, E.O.; Elbashir Hayat Z.E. (Informa Healthcare http://www.informaworld.com, May NaN, 2009)

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Abstract:

Seeds of an inbred line (B-11-90) of Karkadeh (Hibiscus sabdariffa) were investigated for their proximate composition (AOAC methods), nitrogen solubility and protein isolate (Karkadeh seed protein isolates [KSPI]) functional properties (standard methods). The fat and protein contents of the seeds were 22.43% and 32.46%, respectively. Nitrogen solubility was good in both water and 1.0 M NaCl at alkaline pH rather than at acidic pH, with better solubility at higher pH levels in water than in 1.0 M NaCl. The functional properties of the KSPI were as follows: water absorption capacity, 181 ml/100 g; fat absorption capacity, 110 ml/100 g; bulk density, 0.77 g/ml; and apparent viscosity (at 208C), 13.42 cps. KSPI showed a maximum foaming capacity at pH 12 and 1.6 M NaCl, a maximum emulsification capacity at pH 11 and 1.8 M NaCl, and a weaker foam stability at neutral pH than at acidic or alkaline pH, with a better foam stability at alkaline pH. The foam stability was considerably improved by treatment with 1.6 M NaCl.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10311/726

Files in this item: 1

Mahgoub_IJFSN_2009.pdf (900.3Kb)

The risk of developing malnutrition in people living with HIV/AIDS: observations from six support groups in Botswana

Nnyepi, M.S. (Medpharm Publications (Pty) Ltd., http://www.medpharm.co.za, NaN, 2009)

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Abstract:	Objectives: The objectives of this study were to 1)to determine the proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at risk of developing malnutrition, 2) to determine the prevalence of malnutrition (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, and 3)to describe the dietary intake and other nutrition parameters of PLWHA with membership in support groups. Design: Descriptive cross-sectionals study. Setting: Six support groups in Gaborone and neighboring locations. Subjects: Consenting, free- living HIV-positive adults 20-50 years of age with membership in support groups PLWHA. Outcome measures: The subjects' risk of developing malnutrition was established using a modified subjective global assessment (SGA)screening tool. Subjects with an SGA score ≥ 4 were classified as being at high risk of developing malnutrition. Results: From 145 PLWHA screened, 47.5% (n=69)were found to be at high risk of developing malnutrition (SGA score ≥ 4) and 28.5%(n=41) were malnourished (BMI <18.5 kg/m2). In the sample with SGA scores ≥ 4, 52.2% (n=35) presented with BMI <18.5 kg/m2. These two groups also reported more unintentional weight loss, gastrointestinal symptoms, and other conditions commonly associated with a high risk of developing malnutrition. PLWHA with membership in support groups also had low educational attainment and high unemployment rates. A total of 47% of subjects with an SGA score ≥ 4 needed food assistance. Conclusions: Almost 50% of PLWHA with membership in support groups for PLWHA are at risk of developing malnutrition, while about 30% have a BMI <18.5 kg/m2. Nutrition screening can also help to identify those PLWHA with BMI>18.5 kg/m2 who are still at high risk of developing malnutrition. Timely nutrition interventions can therefore be instituted in order to prevent deterioration in nutritional status.
Description:	Some symbols in the abstract may not be the same as in the original abstract.
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/10311/966

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Nnyepi_SAJCN_2009.pdf (495.9Kb)

Short communication socioeconomic status and urbanization are linked to snacks and obesity in adolescents in Botswana

Maruapula, S.D.; Jackson, J.C.; Holsten, J.; Shaibu, S.; Malete, L.; Wrotniak, B.; Ratcliffe, S.J.; Mokone, G.G.; Stettler, N.; Compher, C. (PHN, http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=phn, August NaN, 2011)

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Abstract:

Objective: To describe patterns of food consumption associated with overweight\obesity (OW/OB) and their links to socio-economic status (SES) and urbanization. Design: A nationwide cross-sectional survey. Setting: Secondary schools in cities, towns and villages in Botswana, Africa. Subjects: A total of 746 adolescent schoolchildren. Results: OW/OB is associated with greater SES, city residence and a snack-food diet pattern. Students belonging to higher SES compared with those from a lower SES background reported significantly (P,0?01) more daily servings of snack foods (1?55 v. 0?76) and fewer servings of traditional diet foods (0?99 v. 1?68) and also reported that they ate meals outside the home more often (90% v. 72 %). Students in cities ate significantly (P,0?01) more servings of snacks (1?69 v. 1?05 v. 0?51) and fewer servings of traditional foods (0?67 v. 1?52 v. 1?61) compared with those in urban and rural villages. The odds of OW/OB were increased 1?16-fold with a snack-food diet, a result that was diminished when controlled for SES. Conclusions: These data suggest that nutritional transition occurs at different rates across urbanization and SES levels in Botswana. In cities, increasing the availability of fruit while reducing access to or portion sizes of snack items is important. Emphasis on continued intake of traditional foods may also be helpful as rural areas undergo economic and infrastructural development.

URI:

http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1137

Files in this item: 1

Maruapula_PHN_2011.pdf (112.3Kb)

Weight control perception among female adolescents in Botswana

Mahgoub, S.E.O.; Chilisa, B.; Lombe, C. (AFAHPER-SD; see http://www.ajol.info/journal_index.php?jid=153, October NaN, 2000)

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Abstract:	This study examined the weight control perception and the factors associated with it among female adolescents in Gaborone, Botswana. The subjects were two hundred and twenty 15-17 year-old students from five Community Junior Secondary schools in Gaborone, representing 7 ethnic backgrounds with 75% of them being Batswana...
URI:	http://hdl.handle.net/10311/221

Files in this item: 2

license.txt (1.998Kb)

Mahgoub_AJPHERD_2000.pdf (1.244Mb)

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