Browsing by Title
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Voss, J.G.; Sukati, N.A.; Seboni, N.M.; Makoae, L.N.; Moleko, M.; Human, S.; Molosiwa, K.; Holzemer, W.L. (Association of Nurses in AIDS Care. http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/704632/description#description, NaN, 2005)[more][less]
Abstract: HIV-related fatigue is a debilitating and disabling symptom that persists for months and years. In 743 HIV/AIDS patients from Southern Africa, the authors found ratings of HIV-related fatigue to be highly prevalent. The authors conducted a secondary data analysis within the theoretical context of the University of California, San Francisco Symptom Management Model. The analysis focused on 538 patients who reported fatigue to investigate correlates and predictors of fatigue severity in relationship to demographic and HIV/AIDS illness indicators, as well as HIV-specific physical and psychological symptoms. A hierarchical regression model explored the contributions of those five blocks on fatigue severity. Of the 47% of the total variance in fatigue severity, a combination of variables within the health and illness block (6%), the physical symptoms block (7%) and the psychological symptom block (2%) contributed significantly to the increase in fatigue severity scores. Fatigue severity in Southern Africa was moderate, and the factors contributing to the perceived fatigue were most likely related to symptoms of acute HIV disease (such as fever and gastrointestinal problems). In conclusion, fatigue severity is less impacted by demographic or environmental variables but much more by co-occurring symptoms and HIV disease severity. The results of this study imply the need for more research to understand if improvements in water quality and access to food would prevent infection and diarrhea and whether sufficient access to antiretroviral treatments to manage the HIV infection would improve fatigue and co-occurring symptom profiles. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/538 Files in this item: 1
The symptom experience.pdf (1.131Mb) -
Makgala, C.J. (Cambridge University Press, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: This essay examines, through taxation, the relationship between British colonial administrators, Tswana Dikgosi (chiefs) and their subjects in the Bechuanaland Protectorate from 1899 to 1957. It argues that since Bechuanaland became a British territory through negotiations the Tswana rulers were able to protect their interests aggressively but with little risk of being deposed. Moreover, the Tswana succession system by primogeniture worked to their advantage whenever the British sought to replace them. Taxation was one arena where this was demonstrated. Although consultation between the Dikgosi, their subjects and the British was common, subordinate tribes sometimes fared badly under Tswana rule. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/512 Files in this item: 1
makgala_JAH_2004.pdf (198.6Kb) -
Moalosi, W.T.S. (IJSRE, http://www.ijsre.com, September NaN, 2012)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper discusses student engagement in learning in junior secondary schools classes. Concern has been raised on the declining performance of students in junior secondary schools. The 2009 junior certificate results are a testimony to this concern. This paper investigates the response of Botswana junior secondary school teachers on three subscales, the Teacher Sense of Self Efficacy scale (TSES), efficacy in student engagement, instructional strategies and classroom management. The findings of this study suggest that teachers do not fully engage students in learning activities. Data was collected using a survey instrument administered to 1006 participants. Based on this study, decline in student performance can be linked to teachers failing to fully engage students in learning. Recommendations on how to engage students in learning are offered. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1054 Files in this item: 1
Moalosi_IJSRE_2012.pdf (1.101Mb) -
Moswela, B. (Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group; http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/TF/02601370.html, November NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: This article focused on the training needs of serving teachers for the enhancement of school performances. It sought to achieve this by involving a selected group of teachers and head teachers in the completion of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was reinforced by interviews conducted on a few teachers and head teachers. The study concluded that for teacher development programmes to achieve their intended goal of improving the teaching and learning processes, they should of necessity be based on the actual problems teachers encounter in the classroom. Not only should in-service programmes target teachers, but head teachers also need training on an ongoing basis to strengthen their managerial skills. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/207 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb)Moswela_IJLE_2006.pdf (1.865Mb) -
Teacher trainees’ level of preparedness for inclusive education in Botswana schools: need for changeMukhopadhyay, S.; Molosiwa, S.M.; Moswela, E. (IJSRE, http://www.ijsre.com, December NaN, 2009)[more][less]
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which the University of Botswana special education teacher-training programme. Inclusive education has gained significant currency nationally and internationally. Inclusive education demands that the teacher should be able to meet the needs of students with disabilities in a regular/ ordinary classroom. The success of inclusive education rests on quality teacher preparation gearing towards inclusive education. How teachers are prepared is intrinsically linked to the quality of education provided in the schools. Qualitative research method was used to explore how teachers are prepared for inclusive education in Botswana. Eighteen final year special education student teachers were involved in two focus group discussions. Findings of this study revealed that special education student-teachers were not prepared to meet the learning needs of diverse categories of learners with disabilities in inclusive settings. Based on the findings of this study, a teacher preparation model is proposed for successful implementation of inclusive basic education in Botswana. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1073 Files in this item: 1
Mukhopadhyay_IJSRE_2009.pdf (1.243Mb) -
Tabulawa, R. (Routledge http://www.informaworld.com, April NaN, 1998)[more][less]
Abstract: Attempts to improve the quality of education in Botswana have, inter alia, included an emphasis on a learner-centered pedagogy. Attempts at implementing this pedagogy have been made within the ambit of the technical rational model of curriculum development. The attempts, however, have produced inconclusive results, and these results have often been rationalized in technicist terms, e.g. as being due to lack of resources and poorly trained teachers. Overlooked in this technicist model are the teachers' perspectives on the innovation. Using the case-study approach within the rubrics of the qualitative research paradigm, this study sought to establish the perspectives of geography teachers in a senior secondary school in Botswana vis-a-vis the learnercentered pedagogy advocated in Education for Kagisano (Social Harmony), a report produced by the 1977 Commission on Education. The findings indicated that teachers' classroom practices were influenced by many factors other than technical ones: these included the teachers' assumptions about the nature of knowledge and the ways it ought to be transmitted, their perceptions of students, and the goal of schooling. It also emerged that their assumptions were incongruent with the basic tenets of the learner-centered pedagogy. The findings, then, are an indictment of the technical rational model of change implementation applied in Botswana. They indicate that disregarding what teachers know and think about their taken-for-granted classroom practices when effecting change can lead to disappointing results. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/698 Files in this item: 1
Tabulawa_IJQSE_1998.pdf (1.076Mb) -
Koosimile, A.T. (Elsevier, www.elsevier.com/locate/ijedudev, NaN, 2005)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper focuses on teachers’ experiences with implementing a modified International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) physics syllabus in Botswana. The syllabus, characterised by a new organisational and pedagogic paradigm, is a significant shift from the traditional ‘‘teacher-proof’’ syllabus to one that is flexible, nonprescriptive and student-centred. Through data from discussions and interviews with teachers, it emerged that policy statements on the nature of the syllabus were contradictory and confusing to guide both the adoption and implementation of the syllabus. It also emerged that teachers accorded the core curriculum component of the syllabus a lower priority and status than the extended curriculum component. The findings also reveal that considerable overlaps in the core and extended curriculum components of the syllabus blurred the distinction between the two as well as weakening prospect of fidelity of adoption and implementation. The resulting ‘innovation gap’ invariably means that the ideals of the syllabus and the associated paradigm shifts are possibly not realised in teaching in Botswana. The findings generally underscore the importance of clear guidance and policy statements on any new syllabus, and indeed, a new curriculum. Possible directions in future research would be to investigate innovation gaps that might be manifest in teaching. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/499 Files in this item: 1
Koosimile2005ICGSEphysics.pdf (1.142Mb) -
Teachers’ strategies of teaching primary school mathematics in a second language: a case of BotswanaKasule, D.; Mapolelo, D. (Elsevier, http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/homepage.cws_home, November NaN, 2005)[more][less]
Abstract: This paper reports the results of a study of primary school mathematics teaching in northern Botswana in order to highlight the strategies teachers use in bi/multilingual classrooms. Questionnaire and interview data collection procedures were used. The findings, which are based on responses of randomly selected primary school teachers, confirmed that monolingual classes were fewer than bilingual and multilingual classes in those parts of Botswana. Furthermore, syllabus analysis confirmed the abstract nature of mathematical concepts. Teachers report to have devised strategies to overcome the difficulties imposed by this classroom situation URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/661 Files in this item: 1
KASULE_IJED_2005.pdf (1.930Mb) -
Jorosi, B.N.; Isaac, G.G. (Sage Publications / http://www.sagepublications.com, NaN, 2008)[more][less]
Abstract: Information literacy skills are fast becoming a global priority as society moves into the digital environment. However, although the subject has generated a vast body of literature, it remains an underdeveloped domain in sub-Saharan Africa, with few scholars demonstrating a keen interest in, and focus on, the subject. This has unfortunately limited a fuller understanding of how information literacy is conceptualized and delivered in developing country contexts. The study reported here investigated the teaching of information literacy skills in selected Community Junior Secondary Schools (CJSS) in the city of Gaborone, Botswana. Data were gathered from a sample of 30 teacher-librarians via face-to-face in-depth interviews with the aid of a five-question interview schedule. The key findings of the study were: (1) respondents had varying interpretations of what constituted information literacy skills, (2) a variety of skills were taught under the rubric information literacy skills; (3) by and large, the teaching of information literacy skills was done by teacher-librarians and subject teachers, (4) the main approaches in teaching information literacy skills involved library orientation and the use of the English Language Period, and (5) respondents cited three challenges, namely, the absence of an enabling environment or an office dedicated to school libraries, an exam-oriented curriculum and shrinking financial resources. Several recommendations are made for both future research and the Ministry of Education in Botswana. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/815 Files in this item: 1
Jorosi_ID_2008.pdf (1.420Mb) -
Mogotsi, I. (Pula: Botswana Journal of African Studies, NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: New technology has been identified as one way to alleviate poverty in developing nations. This is because it makes available cheaper drugs, cheaper inputs such as fertilizers and new seed varieties that are needed by the poor to improve their lives. New technology also connects producers with quick and easy access to overseas markets and sources of inputs through the internet, for example. However, in order for the poor to make use of these new methods to improve their lives, they need to be able to access the new technology. In order for anybody to use the internet, for example, they need to have access to it: it should be available and affordable, in the rural as well as urban areas. They also need to have the basic education that enables them to use and even appreciate such new technologies. This paper argues that the poor in Botswana do not have access to the new technology because of lack of education. They also do not have the "old technology", such as electricity and the telephone, that are pre-requisites for access to the new technology. Therefore, if new technology is to work to alleviate poverty in Botswana, emphasis should be put on making the old technology available and affordable. Education should also emphasize science and math curricula. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/902 Files in this item: 1
Mogotsi_PBJAS_2003.pdf (375.9Kb) -
Gieske, A.S.; Wubett, M.T.; Timmermans, W.J.; Parodi, G.N.; Wolski, P.; Arneth, A. (SPIE, http://link.aip.org, NaN, 2004)[more][less]
Abstract: Land surface temperatures are important in global change studies, in estimating radiation budget, heat balance studies and as control for climate models. Several algorithms for estimating land surface temperature and emissivity spectra for multispectral thermal infrared images were developed recently for use with data from the Advanced Spacebome Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) on the TERRA platform. Similar methods are also used with the MODIS instrument. In this study, surface temperature and broadband emissivities were determined from the five TIR channels of ASTER instrument in an area on the southern fringe of the Okavango Delta (Botswana). MODTRAN 4 was used to determine the necessary atmospheric corrections while software was developed to facilitate MODTRAN post-processing. The results were compared with micrometeorological observations from a flux tower, with a LANDSAT 7 image of the same day, and finally also with reported ASTER surface temperature and emissivities for the same image (high level ASTER product). Results indicate that the surface temperature depends rather sensitively on atmospheric transmissivity and relatively large temperature differences are found between results from imagery analysis and flux tower. No relation was found between broad-band emissivity and NDVI, contrary to earlier findings in Botswana. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1015 Files in this item: 1
gieske_procSPIE_2003_pw.pdf (317.2Kb) -
Makgosa, R. (Botswana Journal of Business, Faculty of Business, University of Botswana, September NaN, 2006)[more][less]
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of ensuring the measure equivalence of marketing concepts in cross-cultural research. It is crucial to give attention to measure equivalence in cross cultural research because it makes it possible for meaningful comparisons to be drawn between and among cultures. Specifically, the present paper focuses on a procedure of testing for the measure equivalence of the concept of conflict resolution strategies using multiple group confirmatory factor analysis. The results provide evidence of partial measure equivalence, which suggests that the concept of conflict resolution strategies is measured or perceived in the same way across the three ethnic groups investigated. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/60 Files in this item: 2
bjb_makgosa.pdf (176.6Kb)license.txt (1.998Kb) -
Gerhan, D.R.; Mutula, S.M. (Wiley, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: A recent model analyzing the role of information and communications technology (ICT) in development shows promise. The model coheres with theory on contingency, the problem of reductionism, and distinctions between deeply and shallowly inscribed organizational change arising from ICT. Conditions of e-readiness at the University of Botswana provide an opportune case study for the model. On the whole the original model holds up well, although the case study reveals relevant factors missed by the model: underlying support infrastructure and postimplementation growth in demand. Accordingly, we define an explicit role for time in the model and add a major new dimension of financial sustainability. These additions equip the model to better account for realities affecting ICT’s role in development. Further research needs include case and cross-case studies of the revised model. C 2007Wiley Periodicals, Inc. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/422 Files in this item: 1
Gerham_ITD_2007.pdf (2.086Mb) -
Mollah, A.S. (World Scientific, www.worldscientific.com, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: Market effeciency is an area enormous interest in the financial literature. Numerous researches conducted imperical in testing weak-form market effeciency in several stock markets and employed various techniques but the empirical evidence in controversial. Triangulation econometric approach is employed to assess the predictability of daily return series of the Botswana Stock Exchange (BSE) and to test the null hyphothesis of random walk model. The empirical results reject the null hypothesis of random walk model for the daily return series of BSE for the period of 1989-2005 and evidenced serial autocorrelation of return series, which clearly indicate predictability and volatility of security prices of Botswana market. However the empirical evidence of both non-parametric and parametric test reject the hypothesis of random walk model and indeed violate the notion of weak-form market efficiency. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/800 Files in this item: 1
Mollah_IJTAF_2007.pdf (2.049Mb) -
Dube, M.W. (Wiley-Blackwell, NaN, 2002)[more][less]
Abstract: Since the first clinical evidence of AIDS was reported two decades ago, HIV/AIDS has spread to every corner of the world. Still rapidly growing, the epidemic is reversing development gains, robbing millions of their lives, widening the gap between the rich and poor, and undermining social and economic security. Mission is carrying out God's work among people who are struggling to live with dignity and wholeness…Mission is to proclaim the good news that God affirms life over death, and that God acts among the poor, the majority of whom are women, who are victimized in the globalization of the market economy and left out in decision making processes. Mission is forming partnership…to struggle for life and work for justice for all people.” Traditionally, Jesus' own mission (Luke 4:18–19) and its mandate have been understood primarily in terms of proclaiming the word. What would be the further implications of seeing this mission also as that of spreading fire upon the earth? URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/762 Files in this item: 1
Dube_IRM_2002.pdf (5.676Mb) -
Mutshewa, A. (Emerald, NaN, 2007)[more][less]
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to explore and propose a way of using power as a theoretical anchor to investigate the information behaviour of people in work roles. The paper reviews literature on power relevant to the information disciplines. Various models of power are described, and a more sophisticated view, which takes a relational approach to power, is used to suggest how information related behaviour could be investigated. In this paper, power is regarded as a pervasive phenomenon involved in all aspects of individual lives, including the aspects emanating from work roles performed by individuals, thus manifesting itself as part of the relationships in the organisation. The paper suggests a framework that links information behaviour to power by arguing that power relations that form part of the processes of the work roles induce the information behaviour exhibited by those people. The paper concludes by pointing to a need for information behaviour researchers to consider power as central to understanding how people seek and use information. The framework could be used as a tool for designing studies that will enable the collection of data on information behaviour. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/749 Files in this item: 1
Mutshewa_AP_2007.pdf (1.498Mb) -
Loukanov, I. A.; Uziak, J. (International Symposium on Theory of Machines and Mechanisms (IFToMM), NaN, 2001)[more][less]
Abstract: The single-stroke ram press machine is widely used for sunflower oil extraction in African countries. It is manually operated, low speed machine constructed on the basis of slider-crank mechanism. The paper presents a detailed theoritical analysis of the mechanism of the linkage system. The analysis is done for different positions of the driving lever (handle) nad other parameters, which influence the performance of the machine. Based on that analysis conclusions on the optimal performance of the mechanism are drawn. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/667 Files in this item: 1
Loukanov_IFToMM_2001.pdf (993.1Kb) -
Masale, M. (Elsevier Science Ltd. www.elsevier.com/locate/physb, February NaN, 2002)[more][less]
Abstract: The experimental techniques of attenuated total reflection and grating-coupling were originally employed separately as probes for surface polaritons. However, as far back as the mid-1970s, some value was found in actually combining them into a single tool for probing elementary surface excitations. In this article, the theory of the two methods combined into one probe for surface polaritons is presented. The main results of the calculations, here, are the firstorder diffuse reflectivities, which arise due to the presence of a classical grating. For the ease of presentation, only a semi-infinite specimen is considered and the grating is thought to be deposited only on one interface. The discussion highlights the advantages the combined technique has over either of the two methods when each is employed on its own. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/195 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb) -
Masale, M. (Elsevier Science Ltd. http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/505712/description#description, NaN, 2003)[more][less]
Abstract: The experimental techniques of attenuated total reflection (ATR) and grating coupling were originally employed separately as probes for polaritons. The combined technique of these methods into a single probe is a very versatile tool for probing elementary surface excitations. A theoretical investigation of this single probe for surface polaritons, ATRgrating coupling, is undertaken. The emphasis is on the calculations of first-order diffuse reflectivities, which arise due to the presence of a classical grating. More specifically, the ATR set-up in the Otto configuration is considered and for ease of presentation of the results, a classical grating is thought to be deposited on only one interface of a surface-active thin-film specimen. The discussion highlights the advantages the combined technique has over either of the two methods when each is employed on its own. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/233 Files in this item: 2
license.txt (1.998Kb) -
Major, T.E.; Tiro, L. (IJSRE, http://www.ijsre.com, March NaN, 2012)[more][less]
Abstract: This study investigated the perceptions on pre-service or student teachers regarding their teacher education program. Data was collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 17 pre-service student teachers in one primary college of education in Botswana. In addition, there was an analysis of documents from the Ministry of Education and Skills Development that outlined how the training of pre-service teachers should be run. Participants indicated that they spend too much time learning/exploring theory and less time of hands on experience. Research has also shown that teacher education overemphasize theory and focus less on practice in the preparation of pre-service teachers. The study results indicated that student teachers are taught too much theory and did less of teaching practice. Pre-service teachers should be given more time to do teaching practice and less time on content, as they need the application skills more than they need the content. Based on the findings in this study, it is recommended that the Tertiary Education Council in Botswana should revise the teacher education training program and to reconsider increasing the amount of time for teaching practice for the pre-service teachers. URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10311/1052 Files in this item: 1
Major_IJSRE_2012.pdf (1.297Mb)